Unassociated Document
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the quarterly period ended JUNE 30, 2004
 
or
 
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ____________________ to ____________________
 
Commission file number: 0-30141
 
LIVEPERSON, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

DELAWARE
 
13-3861628

(State or Other Jurisdiction ofIncorporation or Organization)

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

462 SEVENTH AVENUE, 21ST FLOOR
NEW YORK, NEW YORK
 
10018

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

(212) 609-4200

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x
 
As of August 6, 2004, there were 37,309,607 shares of the issuer’s common stock outstanding.

     


LIVEPERSON, INC.
JUNE 30, 2004
FORM 10-Q
INDEX

   

PAGE

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
   
3
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
   
3
 
 
   
 
 
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS AS OF JUNE 30, 2004 AND DECEMBER 31, 2003
   
3
 
 
   
 
 
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2004 AND 2003
   
4
 
 
   
 
 
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2004 AND 2003
   
5
 
 
   
 
 
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
   
6
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
               RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
   
11
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
   
28
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
   
29
 
 
   
 
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
   
29
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
   
29
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
   
29
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
   
30
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
   
30
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
   
30
 
 
   
 
 
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
   
30
 

  2  

 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
LIVEPERSON, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
UNAUDITED
 
 
 
June 30, 2004
December 31, 2003
   
 
 
ASSETS
   
 
   
 
 
Current assets:
   
 
   
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
11,409
 
$
10,898
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $79 and $64 as of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively   
   
1,097
   
1,239
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
608
   
318
 
 
 
 
 
Total current assets
   
13,114
   
12,455
 
Property and equipment, net
   
491
   
341
 
Other intangibles, net
   
1,760
   
361
 
Security deposits
   
129
   
129
 
Other assets
   
298
   
251
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets
 
$
15,792
 
$
13,537
 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
   
 
   
 
 
Current liabilities:
   
 
   
 
 
Accounts payable
 
$
184
 
$
116
 
Accrued expenses
   
1,445
   
2,577
 
Deferred revenue
   
1,199
   
1,276
 
 
 
 
 
Total current liabilities
   
2,828
   
3,969
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
   
279
   
232
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
Commitments and contingencies
   
 
   
 
 
Stockholders’ equity:
   
 
   
 
 
Preferred stock, $.001 par value per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003   
   
--
   
--
 
Common stock, $.001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 37,309,607 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2004 and 36,816,415 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2003   
   
37
   
36
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
117,379
   
115,315
 
Deferred compensation
   
(117
)
 
--
 
Accumulated deficit
   
(104,614
)
 
(106,015
)
   
 
 
Total stockholders’ equity
   
12,685
   
9,336
 
   
 
 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
15,792
 
$
13,537
 
   
 
 

SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
 
  3  

 
LIVEPERSON, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
UNAUDITED



    Three Months Ended
June 30,
 Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
 
2004
2003
2004
2003
   
 
 
 
 
Revenue
 
$
4,342
 
$
2,826
 
$
8,414
 
$
5,355
 
   
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Cost of revenue
   
694
   
514
   
1,386
   
1,006
 
Product development expense
   
516
   
419
   
955
   
751
 
Sales and marketing expense
   
1,240
   
856
   
2,394
   
1,583
 
General and administrative expense
   
988
   
786
   
1,909
   
1,598
 
Amortization of intangibles
   
179
   
253
   
358
   
507
 
Restructuring charge
   
--
   
1,024
   
--
   
1,024
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total operating expenses
   
3,617
   
3,852
   
7,002
   
6,469
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from operations
   
725
   
(1,026
)
 
1,412
   
(1,114
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other income (expense):
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Other expense
   
--
   
--
   
--
   
(8
)
Interest income
   
11
   
6
   
23
   
19
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total other income, net
   
11
   
6
   
23
   
11
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes
   
736
   
(1,020
)
 
1,435
   
(1,103
)
Provision for income taxes
   
33
   
--
   
33
   
--
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
703
 
$
(1,020
)
$
1,402
 
$
(1,103
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Basic net income (loss) per share
 
$
0.02
 
$
(0.03
)
$
0.04
 
$
(0.03
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted net income (loss) per share
 
$
0.02
 
$
(0.03
)
$
0.04
 
$
(0.03
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding used in basic net income (loss) per share calculation   
   
37,318,804
   
34,229,236
   
37,164,618
   
34,192,755
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares outstanding used in diluted net income (loss) per share calculation   
   
38,241,702
   
34,229,236
   
38,277,664
   
34,192,755
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
 
  4  

 
LIVEPERSON, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(IN THOUSANDS)
UNAUDITED
 
 
Six Months Ended
June 30,
   
 
   
2004

 

 

2003
 
   
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
   
 
   
 
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
1,402
 
$
(1,103
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
   
 
   
 
 
Non-cash compensation expense, net
   
129
   
48
 
Depreciation
   
116
   
208
 
Amortization of intangibles
   
358
   
507
 
Provision for doubtful accounts, net
   
15
   
15
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
CHANGES IN OPERATING ASSETS AND LIABILITIES:
   
 
   
 
 
Accounts receivable
   
127
   
6
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
   
(290
)
 
(146
)
Security deposits
   
--
   
(6
)
Accounts payable
   
68
   
60
 
Accrued expenses
   
(1,132
)
 
644
 
Deferred revenue
   
(77
)
 
465
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
716
   
698
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
   
 
   
 
 
Purchases of property and equipment, including capitalized software
   
(266
)
 
(15
)
Acquisition costs
   
(8
)
 
--
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash used in investing activities
   
(274
)
 
(15
)
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
   
 
   
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of options   
   
69
   
87
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
69
   
87
 
 
 
 
 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
   
--
   
8
 
 
 
 
 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
   
511
   
778
 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
   
10,898
   
8,004
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
 
$
11,409
 
$
8,782
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes
   
33
   
--
 

Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Investing Activities:

During the six months ended June 30, 2004, the Company issued 370,894 shares of common stock in connection with the acquisition of certain identifiable assets of Island Data Corporation.

SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
 
  5  

 
LIVEPERSON, INC.
 
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA)
 
(1)    SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
(A)   SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS
 
LivePerson, Inc. (the “Company” or “LivePerson”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware in 1995. The Company commenced operations in 1996. The Company is an online communication application service provider that delivers real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions for companies that conduct business online.
 
The Company’s primary revenue source is from the sale of the LivePerson services, which is conducted within one operating segment. The Company’s product development staff, help desk and online sales support are located in Israel.
 
(B)   UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2004 and for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the condensed consolidated financial position of LivePerson as of June 30, 2004, and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods ended June 30, 2004 and 2003. The financial data and other information disclosed in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements related to these periods are unaudited. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for any other future interim period or for a full fiscal year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2003 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements at that date.
 
Certain information and note disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2003, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 29, 2004.
 
(C)   REVENUE RECOGNITION
 
The LivePerson services facilitate real-time sales, marketing and customer service for companies that conduct business online. The Company charges a monthly fee, which varies by service. Certain of the Company’s larger clients, who require more sophisticated implementation and training, may also pay an initial non-refundable set-up fee.
 
The initial set-up fee is intended to recover certain costs (principally customer service, training and other administrative costs) prior to the deployment of the LivePerson services. Such fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably over a period of 24 months, representing the estimated term of the client relationships. Although the Company believes this estimate is reasonable, this estimate may change in the future. In instances where the Company does charge a set-up fee, the Company typically does not charge an additional set-up fee if an existing client adds more services. Unamortized deferred fees, if any, are recognized upon termination of the agreement with the customer. The Company recognized $0 and $2 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and $0 and $0 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2003, respectively, of set-up fees due to client attrition.
 
  6  

 
 
The Company also sells certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro for small- and medium-sized businesses, and are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce the Company’s collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales executed via Internet download may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for traditional direct sales. Sales of the LivePerson services via Internet download typically have no set-up fee, because the Company does not provide the customer with training and administrative costs are minimal.
 
The Company records revenue for its traditional direct sales and Internet download sales based upon a monthly fee charged for the LivePerson services, provided that no significant Company obligations remain and collection of the resulting receivable is probable. The Company recognizes monthly service revenue fees as services are provided. The Company’s service agreements typically have no termination date and are terminable by either party upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty.
 
(D)   STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 
The Company applies the intrinsic value-based method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations including Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 44, “Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation: An Interpretation of APB Opinion No. 25,” to account for its fixed plan stock options. Under this method, compensation expense is recorded on the date of grant only if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS No. 123, the Company has elected to continue to apply the intrinsic value-based method of accounting described above, and has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123. The Company amortizes deferred compensation on a graded vesting methodology in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28, “Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Award Plans.”
 
The Company applies APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations in accounting for its stock option grants to employees. Accordingly, except as mentioned below, no compensation expense has been recognized relating to these stock option grants in the consolidated financial statements. Had compensation cost for the Company’s stock option grants been determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards consistent with the method of SFAS No. 123, the Company’s net income attributable to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 would have decreased and the net loss attributable to common stockholders for the three and six months ended June 30, 2003 would have increased to the pro forma amounts presented below. The Company did not have any employee stock options outstanding prior to January 1, 1998.

The Company recently determined that  it had misapplied certain provisions of SFAS No. 123 when calculating the disclosure requirements for its stock-based employee compensation plan using a fair-value based method of accounting. The misapplication primarily related to the amortization period used when computing the pro forma compensation expense impact of issued stock options on net income (loss) and basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share.  The Company has restated the previously disclosed pro forma amounts for periods beginning with the three months ended March 31, 2003. The restated pro forma amounts do not affect our reported results of operations for any period. The table below includes the restated pro forma amounts for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2003.
 

   

 Three Months Ended
June 30,


 

 Six Months Ended
June 30,


 
 
   
2004

 

 

2003
(Restated)

 

 

2004

 

 

2003
(Restated)
 
   
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) as reported
 
$
703
 
$
(1,020
)
$
1,402
 
$
(1,103
)
Add: Stock-based compensation expense included in net income (loss) as reported   
 
--
 
42
 
--
 
48
 
Deduct: Pro forma stock-based compensation cost
 
(339
)
(227
)
(640
)
(447
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pro forma net income (loss)
 
$
364
 
$
(1,205
)
$
762
 
$
(1,502
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic net income (loss) per common share:
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
As reported
 
$
0.02
 
$
(0.03
)
$
0.04
 
$
(0.03
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pro forma
 
$
0.01
 
$
(0.04
)
$
0.02
 
$
(0.04
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted net income (loss) per common share:
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
As reported
 
$
0.02
 
$
(0.03
)
$
0.04
 
$
(0.03
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pro forma
 
$
0.01
 
$
(0.04
)
$
0.02
 
$
(0.04
)
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
  7  

 
The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, was $4.85 and $0.97, respectively. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions used for grants in 2004 and 2003: dividend yield of zero percent for all periods; risk-free interest rates of 4.6% and 4.1%, respectively; and expected life of five years for all periods. During 2004 and 2003, the Company used a volatility factor of 92.6% and 146.4%, respectively.
 
The following tables provide the restated pro forma amounts of previously reported 2003 and 2004 pro forma disclosures that the Company intends to disclose prospectively in future filings that include such pro forma disclosures.
 
Pro forma stock-based compensation cost:
Period
   
Previously Disclosed

 

 

Restated
 

 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2003
 
$
(16
)
$
(220
)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(296
)
$
(227
)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2003   $ (312 ) $ (447 )
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(1,043
)
$
(243
)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003   $ (1,355 ) $ (690 )
Year Ended December 31, 2003
 
$
(403
)
$
(945
)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
 
$
(617
)
$
(300
)

Pro forma net income (loss):
Period
   
Previously Disclosed

 

 

Restated
 

 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2003
 
$
(93
)
$
(303
)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(1,274
)
$
(1,205
)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(1,367
)
$
(1,502
)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(891
)
$
(91
)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(2,258
)
$
(1,593
)
Year Ended December 31, 2003
 
$
(1,174
)
$
(1,716
)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
 
$
82
 
$
399
 

Pro forma basic net income (loss) per common share:
Period
   
Previously Disclosed

 

 

Restated
 

 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2003
 
$
(0.00
)
$
(0.01
)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(0.04
)
$
(0.04
)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(0.04
)
$
(0.04
)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.00
)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.05
)
Year Ended December 31, 2003
 
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.05
)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
 
$
0.00
 
$
0.01
 

Pro forma diluted net income (loss) per common share:
Period
   
Previously Disclosed

 

 

Restated
 

 
 
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2003
 
$
(0.00
)
$
(0.01
)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(0.04
)
$
(0.04
)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2003
 
$
(0.04
)
$
(0.04
)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.00
)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.05
)
Year Ended December 31, 2003
 
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.05
)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2004
 
$
0.00
 
$
0.01
 

 
(E)   BASIC AND DILUTED NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE
 
The Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share (“EPS”),” and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 98. Under SFAS No. 128, basic EPS excludes dilution for common stock equivalents and is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. All options, warrants or other potentially dilutive instruments issued for nominal consideration are required to be included in the calculation of basic and diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders. The Company has included 17,339 shares of common stock in the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders from October 2000 which relate to certain options that were originally issued by HumanClick Ltd. for nominal consideration and subsequently assumed by the Company in connection with its acquisition of HumanClick in October 2000. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock and resulted in the issuance of common stock. Diluted net loss per share presented is equal to basic net loss per share since all common stock equivalents are anti-dilutive for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2003.
 
Diluted net income per common share for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2004 include the effect of options to purchase 5,385,150 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $1.07 and warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $0.69. Diluted net loss per common share for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2003 does not include the effects of options to purchase 7,813,074 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 607,030 shares of common stock as the effect of their inclusion is anti-dilutive during each period.
 
(F)   RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
In March 2004, the FASB issued for exposure a Proposed Statement of Financial Accounting Standards entitled “Share-Based Payment - an Amendment of SFAS Nos. 123 and 95.” The proposal requires that the fair value of employee stock-based compensation be expensed. Although the proposal differs from SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148, its requirements will only apply to new grants of stock or options to employees. The Company will continue to monitor the progress of the FASB with regard to the final requirements of this new standard.
 
FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities - An Interpretation of APB No. 51,” as amended by FASB Interpretation No. 46R, is effective in 2004. FASB Interpretation No. 46 addresses the consolidation by business enterprises of variable interest entities, as defined in the interpretation, and is based on the concept that companies that control another entity through interests, other than voting interests, should consolidate the controlled entity. The FASB subsequently issued Interpretation No. 46R in December 2003, which modified certain provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, and which must be applied to the first reporting period after March 15, 2004. FASB Interpretation No. 46, as amended by FASB Interpretation No. 46R, did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations, or result in additional disclosure in the Company’s financial statements.
 
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity.” SFAS No. 150 established standards for the classification and measurement of certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. SFAS No. 150 also includes required disclosures for financial instruments within its scope. For the Company, SFAS No. 150 was effective for instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and otherwise was effective as of January 1, 2004, except for mandatorily redeemable financial instruments. For these mandatorily redeemable financial instruments, SFAS No. 150 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2005. The effective date has been deferred indefinitely for certain other types of mandatorily redeemable financial instruments. The Company does not have any financial instruments that are within the scope of SFAS No. 150; therefore the issuance of SFAS No. 150 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
 
  8  

 
 
In December 2003, the staff of the SEC issued SAB No. 104, “Revenue Recognition,” which supersedes SAB No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements.” SAB No. 104 primarily rescinds the accounting guidance contained in SAB No. 101 related to multiple-element revenue arrangements, which was superseded as a result of the issuance of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, “Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” Additionally, SAB No. 104 rescinds the SEC’s “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers” issued with SAB No. 101, which had been codified in SEC Topic 13, “Revenue Recognition.” SAB No. 104 was effective upon issuance. The issuance of SAB No. 104 did not have any impact on the Company’s financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
 
(2)   BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
 
Property and equipment is summarized as follows:
 
   
June 30,
2004
 

 

 

December 31, 2003
 
   
 
 
 
 
(Unaudited) 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
Computer equipment and software
 
$
1,720
 
$
1,460
 
Furniture, equipment and building improvements
   
41
   
36
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
1,761
   
1,496
 
Less accumulated depreciation
   
1,270
   
1,155
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
491
 
$
341
 
   
 
 
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
 
   
June 30,
2004
 
   
December 31, 2003
 
   
 
 
 
 

 (Unaudited)

   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
Professional services and consulting fees
 
$
487
 
$
382
 
Payroll and related costs
   
851
   
1,820
 
Sales commissions
   
49
   
31
 
Island Data customer contracts acquisition costs
   
--
   
286
 
Other
   
58
   
58
 
   
 
 
Total
 
$
1,445
 
$
2,577
 
   
 
 
(3)   ASSET ACQUISITION
 
In December 2003, the Company acquired certain identifiable assets of Island Data Corporation (“Island Data”). The purchase price was based on projected revenue from the acquired customer contracts at the time of their assignment to the Company. As of June 30, 2004, the Company paid approximately $370 in cash, and issued 370,894 shares of common stock, in connection with the acquisition. The total acquisition costs were approximately $2,119. Of the total purchase price, the Company has allocated approximately $65 to non-compete agreements which will be amortized over a period of 24 months, representing the terms of the agreements. The remainder of the purchase price has been allocated to customer contracts and will be amortized over a period of 36 months, representing the expected term of the acquired client relationships. The net acquisition costs of $1,760 are included in “Assets – Other intangibles, net” on the Company’s June 30, 2004 balance sheet.
 
In January 2004, the Company filed a registration statement with the SEC to register the resale of up to 500,000 shares of its common stock by Island Data. The Company’s registration of the resale of the shares was required by its agreement with Island Data. The shares registered for resale on the registration statement, but not actually issued to Island Data pursuant to the agreement, will be deregistered. The Company will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock covered by the Island Data registration statement.
 
  9  

 
 
(4)   COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
The Company leases facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted for as operating leases. These leases generally require the Company to pay all executory costs such as maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 was approximately $118 and $234, respectively, and approximately $100 and $200 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2003, respectively.
 
(5)   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
On or about December 2, 2002, MCI WorldCom Communications, Inc. filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, containing claims for unpaid invoices related to a contract with MCI for voice and data services. The complaint sought to recover approximately $761 plus interest. The District Court dismissed the action on the Company’s motion on May 29, 2003 because the contract contained a binding arbitration provision. The matter is presently pending for arbitration with JAMS in New York City in which the Company has denied liability.
 
In June 2003, James Ball d/b/a TalktoDealers.com filed a complaint against the Company and other unidentified persons in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange, containing claims for breach of contract and unjust enrichment. The complaint sought to recover approximately $1,152 per year from the time of the Company’s alleged breach in late 2002 or early 2003, plus interest, costs, attorneys’ fees, restitution and specific performance. The Company has served an answer denying liability.
 
Although the Company believes that it has meritorious defenses and intends to defend vigorously the matters described above, and believes that the Company has provided adequate reserves in connection with the claims, the Company cannot assure you that the Company’s defenses will be successful and, if they are not, that the Company’s ultimate liability in connection with these claims will not exceed the Company’s reserves or have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
 
(6)   SUBSEQUENT EVENT
 
In July 2004, the Company acquired certain assets of FaceTime Communications, Inc. (“FaceTime”). The transaction transferred certain existing customer contracts of FaceTime to the Company. The purchase price is based in part on future revenue generated by the Company from the former FaceTime client base. To date, the Company has incurred total transaction costs of approximately $220, including the initial purchase price payment of $200 to FaceTime. The Company expects the total cost of the transaction to be less than $400. The total acquisition cost will be amortized ratably over a period of 24 months, representing the Company’s current estimate of the expected term of the acquired client relationships.
  10  

 
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
YOU SHOULD READ THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS IN CONJUNCTION WITH OUR UNAUDITED INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELATED NOTES INCLUDED ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT. STATEMENTS IN THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION ABOUT LIVEPERSON THAT ARE NOT HISTORICAL FACTS ARE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS BASED ON OUR CURRENT EXPECTATIONS, ASSUMPTIONS, ESTIMATES AND PROJECTIONS ABOUT LIVEPERSON AND OUR INDUSTRY. THESE FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD CAUSE ACTUAL FUTURE EVENTS OR RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM SUCH STATEMENTS. ANY SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ARE MADE PURSUANT TO THE SAFE HARBOR PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995. IT IS ROUTINE FOR OUR INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND EXPECTATIONS TO CHANGE AS THE YEAR OR EACH QUARTER IN THE YEAR PROGRESS, AND THEREFORE IT SHOULD BE CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD THAT THE INTERNAL PROJECTIONS AND BELIEFS UPON WHICH WE BASE OUR EXPECTATIONS MAY CHANGE PRIOR TO THE END OF EACH QUARTER OR THE YEAR. ALTHOUGH THESE EXPECTATIONS MAY CHANGE, WE ARE UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO INFORM YOU IF THEY DO. OUR COMPANY POLICY IS GENERALLY TO PROVIDE OUR EXPECTATIONS ONLY ONCE PER QUARTER, AND NOT TO UPDATE THAT INFORMATION UNTIL THE NEXT QUARTER. ACTUAL EVENTS OR RESULTS MAY DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE CONTAINED IN THE PROJECTIONS OR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO SUCH DIFFERENCES INCLUDE THOSE DISCUSSED BELOW AND ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT, PARTICULARLY IN THE SECTION CAPTIONED “--RISK FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS.”
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
 
GENERAL
 
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, which are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. As such, we are required to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that management believes are reasonable based upon the information available. We base these estimates on our historical experience, future expectations and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for our judgments that may not be readily apparent from other sources. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. These estimates and assumptions relate to estimates of collectibility of accounts receivable, the realization of goodwill, the expected term of a client relationship, accruals and other factors. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions, and any differences could be material.
 
The significant accounting policies which we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating the reported consolidated financial results include the following:
 
REVENUE RECOGNITION
 
The LivePerson services facilitate real-time sales, marketing and customer service for companies that conduct business online. We charge a monthly fee, which varies by service. Certain of our larger clients, who require more sophisticated implementation and training, may also pay an initial non-refundable set-up fee.
 
The initial set-up fee is intended to recover certain costs (principally customer service, training and other administrative costs) prior to the deployment of our services. Such fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized ratably over a period of 24 months, representing the estimated term of the client relationships. Although we believe this estimate is reasonable, this estimate may change in the future. In instances where we do charge a set-up fee, we typically do not charge an additional set-up fee if an existing client adds more services. Unamortized deferred fees, if any, are recognized upon termination of the agreement with the customer. We recognized $0 and $2,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, respectively, and $0 and $0 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2003, respectively, of set-up fees due to client attrition.
 
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We also sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro for small- and medium-sized businesses, and are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales executed via Internet download may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact that is typically required for traditional direct sales. Sales of the LivePerson services via Internet download typically have no set-up fee, because we do not provide the customer with training and administrative costs are minimal.
 
We record revenue for traditional direct sales and Internet download sales based upon a monthly fee charged for the LivePerson services, provided that no significant Company obligations remain and collection of the resulting receivable is probable. We recognize monthly service revenue fees as services are provided. Our service agreements typically have no termination date and are terminable by either party upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty.
 
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
 
Our customers are primarily concentrated in the United States. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition (except for customers who purchase the LivePerson services via Internet download) and have established an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable, although they may change in the future. If there is a deterioration of a customer’s credit worthiness or actual write-offs are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of recoverability for these receivables could be adversely affected. Our concentration of credit risk is limited due to the large number of customers. No single customer accounted for or exceeded 10% of our total revenue in the three or six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003. Two customers accounted for approximately 24% of accounts receivable at June 30, 2004. Two customers accounted for approximately 22% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2003.
 
IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS
 
We adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets,” on January 1, 2002. SFAS No. 144 requires long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization to be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying value of an asset to estimated undisclosed future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying value of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying value or the fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 did not have any impact on our financial condition or results of operations.
 
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
In March 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued for exposure a Proposed Statement of Financial Accounting Standards entitled “Share-Based Payment - an Amendment of SFAS Nos. 123 and 95.” The proposal requires that the fair value of employee stock-based compensation be expensed. Although the proposal differs from SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure,” the proposal’s requirements will only apply to new grants of stock or options to employees. We will continue to monitor the progress of the FASB with regard to the final requirements of this new standard.
 
  12  

 
 
FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities - An Interpretation of APB No. 51,” as amended by FASB Interpretation No. 46R, is effective in 2004. FASB Interpretation No. 46 addresses the consolidation by business enterprises of variable interest entities, as defined in the interpretation, and is based on the concept that companies that control another entity through interests, other than voting interests, should consolidate the controlled entity. The FASB subsequently issued Interpretation No. 46R in December 2003, which modified certain provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, and which must be applied to the first reporting period after March 15, 2004. FASB Interpretation No. 46, as amended by FASB Interpretation No. 46R, did not have an impact on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations, or result in additional disclosure in our financial statements.
 
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.” SFAS No. 150 established standards for the classification and measurement of certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. SFAS No. 150 also includes required disclosures for financial instruments within its scope. SFAS No. 150 was effective for our instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and otherwise will be effective as of January 1, 2004, except for mandatorily redeemable financial instruments. For these mandatorily redeemable financial instruments, SFAS No. 150 will be effective for us on January 1, 2005. The effective date has been deferred indefinitely for certain other types of mandatorily redeemable financial instruments. We do not have any financial instruments that are within the scope of SFAS No. 150; therefore the issuance of SFAS No. 150 did not have an impact on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
 
In December 2003, the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulleting (“SAB”) No. 104, “Revenue Recognition,” which supersedes SAB No. 101, “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements.” SAB No. 104 primarily rescinds the accounting guidance contained in SAB No. 101 related to multiple-element revenue arrangements, which was superseded as a result of the issuance of Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, “Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables.” Additionally, SAB No. 104 rescinds the SEC’s “Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements Frequently Asked Questions and Answers” issued with SAB No. 101, which had been codified in SEC Topic 13, “Revenue Recognition.” SAB No. 104 was effective upon issuance. The issuance of SAB No. 104 did not have any impact on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
 
OVERVIEW
 
LivePerson, an online communication application service provider (ASP), delivers real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions for companies that conduct business online. We offer our proprietary real-time interaction technology as outsourced services. We currently generate revenue from the sale of our LivePerson services, which enable our clients to communicate directly with Internet users via text-based chat, integrated email functionality or a searchable knowledgebase. Our integrated communication software enables a consolidated view of incoming inquiries, via chat, email and self-service channels.
 
We were incorporated in the State of Delaware in November 1995 and the initial LivePerson service was introduced in November 1998.
 
In July 2002, we acquired all of the existing customer contracts of NewChannel, Inc. and associated rights. The purchase price was based, in part, on projected revenue from each of the former NewChannel clients at the time of their successful conversion to the LivePerson software platform. Our acquisition cost was approximately $1.4 million, including the initial purchase price payment of $600,000 to NewChannel. The total acquisition cost has been allocated to customer contracts and was amortized ratably over a period of 18 months, representing the then expected term of the client relationships. As of December 31, 2003, the total purchase had been completely amortized.
 
In December 2003, we acquired certain identifiable assets of Island Data Corporation. The purchase price was based on projected revenue from the acquired customer contracts at the time of their assignment to us. As of June 30, 2004, we paid approximately $370,000 in cash, and issued 370,894 shares of our common stock, in connection with the acquisition. The total acquisition costs were approximately $2.1 million. Of the total purchase price, we have allocated approximately $65,000 to non-compete agreements which will be amortized over a period of 24 months, representing the terms of the agreements. The remainder of the purchase has been allocated to customer contracts and will be amortized over a period of 36 months, representing our current estimate of the expected term of the acquired client relationships. The net acquisition costs of $1.8 million are included in “Assets – Other intangibles, net” on our June 30, 2004 balance sheet.
 
  13  

 
 
In January 2004, we filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission to register the resale of up to 500,000 shares of our common stock by Island Data. Our registration of the resale of the shares was required by our agreement with Island Data. The shares registered for resale on the registration statement, but not actually issued to Island Data pursuant to the agreement, will be deregistered. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock covered by the Island Data registration statement.
 
In January 2004, we filed a shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission relating to 4,000,000 shares of our common stock that we may issue from time to time. We have no immediate plans to offer or sell any shares under this shelf registration. We presently intend to use the net proceeds from any sale of the registered shares for general corporate purposes, working capital and potential strategic acquisitions. We would announce the terms of any issuance in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission at the time we offer or sell the shares.
 
In July 2004, we acquired certain assets of FaceTime Communications, Inc. The transaction transferred certain existing customer contracts of FaceTime to us. The purchase price is based in part on future revenue generated by us from the former FaceTime client base. To date, we have incurred total transaction costs of approximately $220,000, including the initial purchase price payment of $200,000 to FaceTime. We expect the total cost of the transaction to be less than $400,000. The total acquisition cost will be amortized ratably over a period of 24 months, representing our current estimate of the expected term of the acquired client relationships.
 
REVENUE
 
Our clients pay us a monthly fee, which varies by service. Certain of our larger clients, who require more sophisticated implementation and training, may also pay an initial non-refundable set-up fee. Our set-up fee is intended to recover certain costs incurred by us (principally customer service, training and other administrative costs) prior to deployment of our services. Such fees are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized over a period of 24 months, representing the estimated term of the client relationships. As a result of recognizing set-up fees in this manner, combined with the fact that a small proportion of our clients are charged a set-up fee, revenue attributable to our monthly service fee accounted for 93% and 95% of total LivePerson services revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, respectively, and 98% and 98% of total LivePerson services revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2003, respectively. In addition, because we typically do not charge a set-up fee for sales generated via Internet download, we expect the set-up fee to continue to represent a small percentage of total revenue. In instances where we do charge a set-up fee, we typically do not charge an additional set-up fee if an existing client adds more services. Our service agreements typically have no termination date and are terminable by either party upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. We recognize monthly service revenue fees and professional service fees as services are provided. Professional service fees consist of additional training and business consulting and analysis provided to customers, both at the initial launch and over the term of the contract. Given the time required to schedule training for our clients’ operators and our clients’ resource constraints, we have historically experienced a lag between signing a client contract and generating revenue from that client. This lag has generally ranged from one day to 30 days. There is no lag for sales generated via Internet download, because our services are immediately available and fully functional upon download. To date, revenue from professional services has not been material.
 
We also sell certain of the LivePerson services directly via Internet download. These services are marketed as LivePerson Pro for small- and medium-sized businesses, and are paid for almost exclusively by credit card. Credit card payments accelerate cash flow and reduce our collection risk, subject to the merchant bank’s right to hold back cash pending settlement of the transactions. Sales executed via Internet download may occur with or without the assistance of an online sales representative, rather than through face-to-face or telephone contact which is typically required for traditional direct sales. Sales of the LivePerson services via Internet download typically have no set-up fee, because we do not provide the customer with training, and administrative costs are minimal. We recognize monthly service revenue fees from Internet downloads as services are provided.
 
We also have entered into contractual arrangements that complement our direct sales force and online sales efforts. These are primarily with Web hosting and call center service companies, pursuant to which LivePerson is paid a commission based on revenue generated by these service companies from our referrals. To date, revenue from such commissions has not been material.
 
  14  

 
 
OPERATING EXPENSES
 
Our cost of revenue has principally been associated with the LivePerson services and has consisted of:
Our product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related expenses for product development personnel, allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, outsourced labor and expenses for testing new versions of our software. Product development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.
 
Our sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for sales personnel and marketing personnel, allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, advertising, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials, travel expenses and trade show exhibit expenses.
 
Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and related expenses for executive, accounting and human resources personnel, allocated occupancy costs and related overhead, professional fees, provision for doubtful accounts and other general corporate expenses.
 
In the six months ended June 30, 2004, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $15,000 to approximately $79,000, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. We base our allowance for doubtful accounts on specifically identified credit risks of customers, historical trends and other information that we believe to be reasonable. We adjust our allowance for doubtful accounts when accounts previously reserved have been collected.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Due to our acquisition of the Island Data customer contracts in December 2003, our acquisition of the NewChannel customer contracts and associated rights in July 2002 and our limited operating history, we believe that comparisons of our operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003 with each other, or with those of prior periods, are not meaningful and that our historical operating results should not be relied upon as indicative of future performance.
 
COMPARISON OF THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2004 AND 2003
 
Revenue. Total revenue increased to $4.3 million and $8.4 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 from $2.8 million and $5.4 million in the comparable periods in 2003. This increase is primarily attributable to increased revenue from existing clients, the addition of new clients and to a lesser extent, to the acquisition of the Island Data customer contracts and associated rights in December 2003. Revenue in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 included the recognition of $0 and $2,000, respectively, of set-up fees due to client attrition. Revenue in the three and six months ended June 30, 2003 included the recognition of $0 and $0, respectively, of set-up fees due to client attrition. Unamortized deferred fees, if any, are recognized upon termination of the agreement with the client. We cannot as sure you that we will achieve similar revenue growth, if any, in future periods.
 
 
  15  

 
 
Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue consists of compensation costs relating to employees who provide customer service to our clients, compensation costs relating to our network support staff, the cost of supporting our infrastructure, including expenses related to leasing space and connectivity for our services, as well as depreciation of certain hardware and software, and allocated occupancy costs and related overhead. Cost of revenue increased to $694,000 and $1.4 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 from $514,000 and $1.0 million in the comparable periods in 2003. This increase is primarily related to the acquisition of the Island Data customer contracts and associated rights in December 2003, as well as increased usage from existing clients and the addition of new clients.
 
Product Development. Our product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related expenses for product development personnel. Product development costs increased to $516,000 and $955,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 from $419,000 and $751,000 in the comparable periods in 2003. This increase is attributable to an increase in the number of LivePerson product development personnel, and to a lesser extent, to an increase in outsourced labor costs related to the continuing development of our product line as we broaden the range of services we offer to include a fully integrated, multi-channel software platform.
 
Sales and Marketing. Our sales and marketing expenses consist of compensation and related expenses for sales and marketing personnel, as well as advertising and trade show exhibit expenses. Sales and marketing expenses increased to $1.2 million and $2.4 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 from $856,000 and $1.6 million in the comparable periods in 2003. This increase is primarily attributable to an increase in sales and marketing personnel as a result of the expansion of our sales force, and, to a lesser extent, to an increase in on-line advertising and marketing expenses related to our increasing efforts to enhance our brand recognition and to increased sales lead activity.
 
General and Administrative. Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and related expenses for executive, accounting, human resources and administrative personnel. General and administrative expenses increased to $1.0 million and $1.9 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 from $786,000 and $1.6 million in the comparable periods in 2003. This increase is primarily attributable to increases in professional services and to an increase in recruitment costs related to the expansion of our sales force.
 
Amortization of Other Intangibles. Amortization expense was $179,000 and $358,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and relates to acquisition costs recorded as a result of our acquisition of certain identifiable assets of Island Data Corporation. Amortization expense was $253,000 and $507,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2003 and relates to acquisition costs recorded as a result of our acquisition of the NewChannel customer contracts and associated rights in July 2002.
 
Non-Cash Compensation Expense, Net. Non-cash compensation expense consists primarily of amortization of deferred stock-based compensation. Deferred stock-based compensation represents the difference between the exercise price and the deemed fair value of certain stock options and warrants granted to employees, consultants and directors. Deferred compensation has been amortized over the vesting period of the individual options. We recorded non-cash compensation expense of $69,000 and $129,000 in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and $42,000 and $48,000 in the comparable periods in 2003.
 
Restructuring Charge. In the three months ended June 30, 2003, we recorded an additional restructuring charge of approximately $1.0 million related to our 2001 restructuring initiatives. This charge reflected the amount of the judgment in a previously disclosed arbitration proceeding in excess of the $350,000 provision initially provided for in connection with our original restructuring plan in 2001. Because our June 30, 2003 interim financial statements were not yet filed with the SEC when we received notification of the judgment, the recording of this charge in the three months ended June 30, 2003 was required pursuant to SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” and Statement of Auditing Standards No. 1, “Codification of Auditing Standards and Procedures, section 560 — Subsequent Events.”
 
Other Income. Interest income was $11,000 and $23,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and $6,000 and $19,000 in the comparable periods in 2003, respectively, and consists of interest earned on cash and cash equivalents generated by the receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering in 2000 and preferred stock issuances in 2000 and 1999, and to a lesser extent, to cash provided by operating activities. Other expense was $0 and $8,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2003 and was related to the write-off of our accumulated other comprehensive loss in connection with the closing of our operations in the United Kingdom.
 
  16  

 
 
Net Income (Loss). We had net income of $703,000 and $1.4 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 compared to a net loss of $1.0 million and $1.1 for the comparable periods in 2003.
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
As of June 30, 2004, we had approximately $11.4 million in cash and cash equivalents, an increase of $511,000 from December 31, 2003. This increase is attributable to net cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2004, offset in part by net cash used in investing activities. We regularly invest excess funds in short-term money market funds.
 
Net cash provided by operating activities was $716,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and consisted of net income and non-cash expenses related to the amortization of other intangibles, non-cash compensation and depreciation offset by decreases in accrued expenses and an increase in prepaid expenses. Net cash provided by operating activities was $698,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2003 and consisted primarily of a net loss offset by increases in accrued expenses, deferred revenue and amortization expenses, partially offset by an increase in prepaid expenses.
 
Net cash used in investing activities was $274,000 and $15,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, and was due primarily to the purchase of fixed assets.
 
Net cash provided by financing activities was $69,000 and $87,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, and consisted of proceeds from the issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of options.
 
We have incurred significant costs to develop our technology and services, to hire employees in our customer service, sales, marketing and administration departments, and for the amortization of goodwill and other intangible assets, as well as non-cash compensation costs. We incurred significant net losses from inception through June 30, 2003, significant negative cash flows from operations in the periods from inception through December 31, 2002, and as of June 30, 2004, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $104.6 million. These losses have been funded primarily through the issuance of common stock in our initial public offering and, prior to the initial public offering, the issuance of convertible preferred stock.
 
We anticipate that our current cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to satisfy our working capital and capital requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we cannot assure you that we will not require additional funds prior to such time, and we would then seek to sell additional equity or debt securities through public financings, or seek alternative sources of financing. We cannot assure you that additional funding will be available on favorable terms, when needed, if at all. If we are unable to obtain any necessary additional financing, we may be required to further reduce the scope of our planned sales and marketing and product development efforts, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. In addition, we may require additional funds in order to fund more rapid expansion, to develop new or enhanced services or products or to invest in complementary businesses, technologies, services or products.
 
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
 
We do not have any special purposes entities, and other than operating leases, which are described below, we do not engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements.
 
We lease facilities and certain equipment under agreements accounted for as operating leases. These leases generally require us to pay all executory costs such as maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 was approximately $118,000 and $234,000, respectively, and approximately $100,000 and $200,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2003, respectively.
 
  17  

 
 

As of June 30, 2004, our principal commitments were approximately $445,000 under various operating leases, of which approximately $173,000 is due in 2004. We do not currently expect that our principal commitments for the year ending December 31, 2004 will exceed $500,000 in the aggregate. Our capital expenditures are not currently expected to exceed $300,000 in 2004. Our contractual obligations at June 30, 2004 are summarized as follows:

 
 
 
Payments due by period
   
 
 
(in thousands)
Contractual Obligations
   
Total

 

 

Less than 1 year

 

 

1-3 years

 

 

3-5 years

 

 

More than 5 years
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Operating leases
 
$
445
 
$
173
 
$
161
 
$
94
 
$
17
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
445
 
$
173
 
$
161
 
$
94
 
$
17
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
RISK FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS
 
Risks Related to Our Business
 
We have a history of losses, we had an accumulated deficit of $104.6 million as of June 30, 2004 and we may incur losses in the future.
 
Although we have achieved profitability in each three-month period from and including the period ended September 30, 2003, we may, in the future, incur losses and experience negative cash flow, either or both of which may be significant. We recorded a net loss of $27.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2001, $6.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 and $816,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003. We recorded net income of $1.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2004. As of June 30, 2004, our accumulated deficit was approximately $104.6 million. We cannot assure you that we can sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. Failure to maintain profitability may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
 
Our quarterly revenue and operating results are subject to significant fluctuations, which may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.
 
Our quarterly revenue and operating results may fluctuate significantly in the future due to a variety of factors, including the following factors which are in part within our control, and in part outside of our control:
 
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Our revenue and results may also fluctuate significantly in the future due to the following factors that are entirely outside of our control:
Period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful because of these factors. You should not rely upon these comparisons as indicators of our future performance.
 
Due to the foregoing factors, it is possible that our results of operations in one or more future quarters may fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. If this occurs, the trading price of our common stock could decline.
 
We may be unable to respond to the rapid technological change and changing client preferences in the online sales, marketing and customer service industry and this may harm our business.
 
If we are unable, for technological, legal, financial or other reasons, to adapt in a timely manner to changing market conditions in the online sales, marketing and customer service industry or our clients’ or Internet users’ requirements, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected. Business on the Internet is characterized by rapid technological change. In addition, the market for online sales, marketing and customer service solutions is relatively new. Sudden changes in client and Internet user requirements and preferences, frequent new product and service introductions embodying new technologies, such as broadband communications, and the emergence of new industry standards and practices could render the LivePerson services and our proprietary technology and systems obsolete. The rapid evolution of these products and services will require that we continually improve the performance, features and reliability of our services. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to:
If any of our new services, including upgrades to our current services, do not meet our clients’ or Internet users’ expectations, our business may be harmed. Updating our technology may require significant additional capital expenditures and could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
If new services require us to grow rapidly, this could place a significant strain on our managerial, operational, technical and financial resources. In order to manage our growth, we could be required to implement new or upgraded operating and financial systems, procedures and controls. Our failure to expand our operations in an efficient manner could cause our expenses to grow, our revenue to decline or grow more slowly than expected and could otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
If we are not competitive in the market for real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions, our business could be harmed.
 
The market for real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions is intensely competitive. Relatively few substantial barriers to entry exist in this market, other than the ability to design and build scalable software and, with respect to outsourced solution providers, the ability to design, build and manage scalable network architecture. Established or new entities may enter this market in the near future, including those that provide real-time interaction online, with or without the user’s request.
 
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We compete directly with companies focused on technology that facilitates real-time sales, email management, searchable knowledgebase applications and customer service interaction. These markets remain fairly saturated with small companies that compete on price and features. We also face significant competition from two customer service enterprise software providers, KANA and RightNow Technologies, which offer hosted solutions. Furthermore, many of our competitors offer a broader range of customer relationship management products and services than we currently offer. We may be disadvantaged and our business may be harmed if companies doing business online choose real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions from such providers.
 
We also face potential competition from larger enterprise software companies such as Oracle and Siebel Systems. In addition, established technology companies, including Aspect Communications, Avaya, Genesys Telecommunications Laboratories, IBM and Microsoft, may also leverage their existing relationships and capabilities to offer real-time sales, marketing and customer service applications.
 
Finally, we face competition from clients and potential clients that choose to provide a real-time sales, marketing and customer service solution in-house as well as, to a lesser extent, traditional offline customer service solutions, such as telephone call centers.
 
We believe that competition will increase as our current competitors increase the sophistication of their offerings and as new participants enter the market. Many of our larger current and potential competitors have:
Some competitors may enter into strategic or commercial relationships with larger, more established and better-financed companies. These competitors may be able to:
Any delay in the general market acceptance of the real-time sales, marketing and customer service solution business model would likely harm our competitive position. Delays would allow our competitors additional time to improve their service or product offerings, and would also provide time for new competitors to develop real-time sales, marketing and customer service applications and solicit prospective clients within our target markets. Increased competition could result in pricing pressures, reduced operating margins and loss of market share.
 
The success of our business is dependent on the retention of existing clients and their purchase of additional LivePerson services.
 
Our LivePerson services agreements typically have no termination date and are terminable upon 30 to 90 days’ notice without penalty. If a significant number of our clients, or any one client to whom we provide a significant amount of services, were to terminate these services agreements, or reduce the amount of services purchased or fail to purchase additional services, our results of operations may be negatively and materially affected. Dissatisfaction with the nature or quality of our services could also lead clients to terminate our service. We depend on monthly fees from the LivePerson services for substantially all of our revenue. If our retention rate declines, our revenue could decline unless we are able to obtain additional clients or alternate revenue sources. Further, because of the historically small amount of services sold in initial orders, we depend on sales to new clients and sales of additional services to our existing clients. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will be able to retain as clients those customers of the Express Response hosted knowledgebase and FAQ service we acquired from Island Data Corporation in December 2003 or those customers of FaceTime Communications, Inc. we acquired in July 2004.
 
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We are dependent on technology systems that are beyond our control.
 
The success of the LivePerson services depends in part on our clients’ online services as well as the Internet connections of visitors to their Web sites, both of which are outside of our control. As a result, it may be difficult to identify the source of problems if they occur. In the past, we have experienced problems related to connectivity which have resulted in slower than normal response times to Internet user chat requests and messages and interruptions in service. The LivePerson services rely both on the Internet and on our connectivity vendors for data transmission. Therefore, even when connectivity problems are not caused by the LivePerson services, our clients or Internet users may attribute the problem to us. This could diminish our brand and harm our business, divert the attention of our technical personnel from our product development efforts or cause significant client relations problems.
 
In addition, we rely on a third-party Web hosting service provider for Internet connectivity and network infrastructure hosting, security and maintenance. The provider has, in the past, experienced problems that have resulted in slower than normal response times and interruptions in service. If we are unable to continue utilizing the services of our existing Web hosting provider or if our Web hosting services experience interruptions or delays, it is possible that our business could be harmed.
 
Our service also depends on many third parties for hardware and software, which products could contain defects. Problems arising from our use of such hardware or software could require us to incur significant costs or divert the attention of our technical personnel from our product development efforts. To the extent any such problems require us to replace such hardware or software, we may not be able to do so on acceptable terms, if at all.
 
Technological defects could disrupt our services, which could harm our business and reputation.
 
We face risks related to the technological capabilities of the LivePerson services. We expect the number of interactions between our clients’ operators and Internet users over our system to increase significantly as we expand our client base. Our network hardware and software may not be able to accommodate this additional volume. Additionally, we must continually upgrade our software to improve the features and functionality of the LivePerson services in order to be competitive in our market. If future versions of our software contain undetected errors, our business could be harmed. As a result of major software upgrades at LivePerson, our client sites have, from time to time, experienced slower than normal response times and interruptions in service. If we experience system failures or degraded response times, our reputation and brand could be harmed. We may also experience technical problems in the process of installing and initiating the LivePerson services on new Web hosting services. These problems, if unremedied, could harm our business.
 
The LivePerson services also depend on complex software which may contain defects, particularly when we introduce new versions onto our servers. We may not discover software defects that affect our new or current services or enhancements until after they are deployed. It is possible that, despite testing by us, defects may occur in the software. These defects could result in:
Our clients may experience adverse business conditions that could adversely affect our business.
 
Some of our clients may experience difficulty in supporting their current operations and implementing their business plans. These clients may reduce their spending on our services, or may not be able to discharge their payment and other obligations to us. These circumstances are influenced by general economic and industry-specific conditions, and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, as a result of these conditions, our clients, in particular our Internet-related clients that may experience (or that anticipate experiencing) difficulty raising capital, may elect to scale back the resources they devote to customer service technology, including services such as ours. If the current environment for our clients, including, in particular, our Internet-related clients, does not improve, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. In addition, the non-payment or late payment of amounts due to us from a significant number of clients would negatively impact our financial condition. We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $15,000 to approximately $79,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2004, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. During the year ended December 31, 2003, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $15,000, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales, and we wrote off approximately $21,000 of previously reserved accounts, leaving a net allowance of $64,000 at December 31, 2003.
 
 
  21  

 
 
Our business is significantly dependent on our ability to retain our current key personnel, to attract new personnel, and to manage staff attrition.
 
Our future success depends to a significant extent on the continued services of our senior management team, including Robert P. LoCascio, our founder and Chief Executive Officer. The loss of the services of any member of our senior management team, in particular Mr. LoCascio, could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure you that we would be able to successfully integrate newly-hired senior managers who would work together successfully with our existing management team.
 
We may be unable to attract, integrate or retain other highly qualified employees in the future. If our retention efforts are ineffective, employee turnover could increase and our ability to provide services to our clients would be materially and adversely affected.
 
Any staff attrition we experience, whether initiated by the departing employees or by us, could place a significant strain on our managerial, operational, financial and other resources. To the extent that we do not initiate or seek any staff attrition that occurs, there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify and hire adequate replacement staff promptly, if at all, and even that if such staff is replaced, we will be successful in integrating these employees. In addition, we may not be able to outsource certain functions. We expect to evaluate our needs and the performance of our staff on a periodic basis, and may choose to make adjustments in the future. If the size of our staff is significantly reduced, either by our choice or otherwise, it may become more difficult for us to manage existing, or establish new, relationships with clients and other counter-parties, or to expand and improve our service offerings. It may also become more difficult for us to implement changes to our business plan or to respond promptly to opportunities in the marketplace. Further, it may become more difficult for us to devote personnel resources necessary to maintain or improve existing systems, including our financial and managerial controls, billing systems, reporting systems and procedures. Thus, any significant amount of staff attrition could cause our business and financial results to suffer.
 
We cannot predict our future capital needs to execute our business strategy and we may not be able to secure additional financing.
 
We believe that our current cash and cash equivalents and cash generated from operations, if any, will be sufficient to fund our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next twelve months. To the extent that we require additional funds to support our operations or the expansion of our business, or to pay for acquisitions, we may need to sell additional equity, issue debt or convertible securities or obtain credit facilities through financial institutions. In the past, we have obtained financing principally through the sale of preferred stock, common stock and warrants. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of debt or preferred equity securities, these securities could have rights, preferences and privileges senior to holders of common stock, and could have terms that impose restrictions on our operations. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of additional equity or convertible securities, our stockholders could suffer dilution. We cannot assure you that additional funding, if required, will be available to us in amounts or on terms acceptable to us. If sufficient funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, our ability to fund any potential expansion, take advantage of acquisition opportunities, develop or enhance our services or products, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures would be significantly limited. Those limitations would materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
 
  22  

 
 
If we do not successfully integrate potential future acquisitions, our business could be harmed.
 
In the future, we may acquire or invest in complementary companies, products or technologies. Acquisitions and investments involve numerous risks to us, including:
These difficulties could disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management and employees, increase our expenses and adversely affect our results of operations. Furthermore, we may incur debt or issue equity securities to pay for any future acquisitions. The issuance of equity securities could be dilutive to our existing stockholders.
 
We could face additional regulatory requirements, tax liabilities and other risks as we expand internationally.
 
In October 2000, we acquired HumanClick, an Israeli-based provider of real-time online customer service applications. In addition, we are testing an outsourced sales and marketing service provider to sell the LivePerson services in Western Europe. There are risks related to doing business in international markets, such as changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, more stringent rules relating to the privacy of Internet users and adverse tax consequences. In addition, there are likely to be different consumer preferences and requirements in specific international markets. Furthermore, we may face difficulties in staffing and managing any foreign operations. One or more of these factors could harm any future international operations.
 
Our reputation depends, in part, on factors which are entirely outside of our control.
 
Our services typically appear as a LivePerson-branded or a custom-created icon on our clients’ Web sites. The customer service operators who respond to the inquiries of our clients’ Internet users are employees or agents of our clients; they are not our employees. As a result, we have no way of controlling the actions of these operators. In addition, an Internet user may not know that the operator is an employee or agent of our client, rather than a LivePerson employee. If an Internet user were to have a negative experience in a LivePerson-powered or HumanClick-powered real-time dialogue, it is possible that this experience could be attributed to us, which could diminish our brand and harm our business. Finally, we believe the success of our services depend on the prominent placement of the icon on the client’s Web site, over which we also have no control.
 
Our business and prospects would suffer if we are unable to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights.
 
Our success and ability to compete depend, in part, upon the protection of our intellectual property rights relating to the technology underlying the LivePerson services. It is possible that:
 
  23  

 
Further, to the extent that the invention described in any U.S. patent was made public prior to the filing of the patent application, we may not be able to obtain patent protection in certain foreign countries. We also rely upon copyright, trade secret, trademark and other common law in the U.S. and other jurisdictions, as well as confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions, to protect our proprietary technology, processes and other intellectual property, to the extent that protection is sought or secured at all. Any steps we might take may not be adequate to protect against infringement and misappropriation of our intellectual property by third parties. Similarly, third parties may be able to independently develop similar or superior technology, processes or other intellectual property. Policing unauthorized use of our services and intellectual property rights is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent misappropriation of our technology or intellectual property rights, particularly in foreign countries where we do business, where our services are sold or used, where the laws may not protect proprietary rights as fully as do the laws of the United States or where enforcement of laws protecting proprietary rights is not common or effective. The unauthorized reproduction or other misappropriation of our intellectual property rights could enable third parties to benefit from our technology without paying us for it. If this occurs, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, disputes concerning the ownership or rights to use intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming to litigate, may distract management from operating our business and may result in our loss of significant rights.
 
Our products and services may infringe upon intellectual property rights of third parties and any infringement could require us to incur substantial costs and may distract our management.
 
We are subject to the risk of claims alleging infringement of third-party proprietary rights. Substantial litigation regarding intellectual property rights exists in the software industry. In the ordinary course of our business, our services may be increasingly subject to third-party infringement claims as the number of competitors in our industry segment grows and the functionality of services in different industry segments overlaps. Some of our competitors in the market for real-time sales, marketing and customer service solutions may have filed or may intend to file patent applications covering aspects of their technology. Any claims alleging infringement of third-party intellectual property rights could require us to spend significant amounts in litigation (even if the claim is invalid), distract management from other tasks of operating our business, pay substantial damage awards, prevent us from selling our products, delay delivery of the LivePerson services, develop non-infringing software, technology, business processes, systems or other intellectual property (none of which might be successful), or limit our ability to use the intellectual property that is the subject of any of these claims, unless we enter into license agreements with the third parties (which may be unavailable on commercially reasonable terms, or not available at all). Therefore, such claims could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
We may be liable if third parties misappropriate personal information belonging to our clients’ Internet users.
 
We maintain dialogue transcripts of the text-based chats and email interactions between our clients and Internet users and store on our servers information supplied voluntarily by these Internet users in surveys. We provide this information to our clients to allow them to perform Internet user analyses and monitor the effectiveness of our services. Some of the information we collect may include personal information, such as contact and demographic information. If third parties were able to penetrate our network security or otherwise misappropriate personal information relating to our clients’ Internet users or the text of customer service inquiries, we could be subject to liability. We could be subject to negligence claims or claims for misuse of personal information. These claims could result in litigation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by such breaches.
 
 
  24  

 
 
The need to physically secure and securely transmit confidential information online has been a significant barrier to electronic commerce and online communications. Any well-publicized compromise of security could deter people from using online services such as the ones we offer, or from using them to conduct transactions, which involve transmitting confidential information. Because our success depends on the general acceptance of our services and electronic commerce, we may incur significant costs to protect against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by these breaches.
 
Political, economic and military conditions in Israel could negatively impact our Israeli operations.
 
Our product development staff, help desk and online sales personnel are located in Israel. As of June 30, 2004, we had 29 full-time employees in Israel and as of December 31, 2003, we had 24 full-time employees in Israel. Although substantially all of our sales to date have been made to customers outside Israel, we are directly influenced by the political, economic and military conditions affecting Israel. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors. A state of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has caused security and economic problems in Israel. Further, since September 2000, there has been a significant deterioration in the relationship between Israel and the Palestinian Authority and serious violence has ensued, the peace process between the parties has stagnated, and Israel’s relationship with several Arab countries has been adversely affected. Moreover, hostilities since 2002 have escalated significantly, with increased attacks in Israel and an armed conflict between Israel and the Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. Efforts to resolve the conflict have failed to result in an agreeable solution. Continued hostilities between the Palestinian community and Israel and any failure to settle the conflict could adversely affect our operations in Israel and our business. Further deterioration of the situation into a full-scale armed conflict might require more widespread military reserve service by some of our Israeli employees and might result in a significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel, either of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations in Israel and our business. In addition, several Arab countries still restrict business with Israeli companies. Our operations in Israel could be adversely affected by restrictive laws or policies directed towards Israel and Israeli businesses.
 
Risks Related to Our Industry
 
We are dependent on the continued use of the Internet as a medium for commerce.
 
We cannot be sure that a sufficiently broad base of consumers will continue to use the Internet as a medium for commerce. Convincing our clients to offer real-time sales, marketing and customer service technology may be difficult.
 
The continuation of the Internet as a viable commercial marketplace is subject to a number of factors, including:
We depend on the continued viability of the infrastructure of the Internet.
 
To the extent that the Internet continues to experience growth in the number of users and frequency of use by consumers resulting in increased bandwidth demands, we cannot assure you that the infrastructure for the Internet will be able to support the demands placed upon it. The Internet has experienced outages and delays as a result of damage to portions of its infrastructure. Outages or delays could adversely affect online sites, email and the level of traffic on the Internet. We also depend on Internet service providers that provide our clients and Internet users with access to the LivePerson services. In the past, users have experienced difficulties due to system failures unrelated to our service. In addition, the Internet could lose its viability due to delays in the adoption of new standards and protocols required to handle increased levels of Internet activity. Insufficient availability of telecommunications services to support the Internet also could result in slower response times and negatively impact use of the Internet generally, and our clients’ sites (including the LivePerson pop-up dialogue windows) in particular. If the use of the Internet fails to grow or grows more slowly than expected, if the infrastructure for the Internet does not effectively support growth that may occur or if the Internet does not become a viable commercial marketplace, we may not maintain profitability and our business, results of operations and financial condition will suffer.
 
  25  

 
 
We may become subject to burdensome government regulation and legal uncertainties.
 
We are subject to federal, state and local regulation, and laws of jurisdictions outside of the United States, including laws and regulations applicable to computer software and access to or commerce over the Internet. Due to the increasing popularity and use of the Internet and various other online services, it is likely that a number of new laws and regulations will be adopted with respect to the Internet or other online services covering issues such as user privacy, freedom of expression, pricing, content and quality of products and services, taxation, advertising, intellectual property rights and information security. The nature of such legislation and the manner in which it may be interpreted and enforced cannot be fully determined and, therefore, such legislation could subject us and/or our clients or Internet users to potential liability, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
As a result of collecting data from live online Internet user dialogues, our clients may be able to analyze the commercial habits of Internet users. Privacy concerns may cause Internet users to avoid online sites that collect such behavioral information and even the perception of security and privacy concerns, whether or not valid, may indirectly inhibit market acceptance of our services. In addition, we or our clients may be harmed by any laws or regulations that restrict the ability to collect or use this data. The European Union and many countries within the E.U. have adopted privacy directives or laws that strictly regulate the collection and use of personally identifiable information of Internet users. The United States has adopted legislation which governs the collection and use of certain personal information. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission has also taken action against Web site operators who do not comply with their stated privacy policies. Furthermore, other foreign jurisdictions have adopted legislation governing the collection and use of personal information. These and other governmental efforts may limit our clients’ ability to collect and use information about their Internet users through our services. As a result, such laws and efforts could create uncertainty in the marketplace that could reduce demand for our services or increase the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or could in some other manner have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
For example, the LivePerson services allow our clients to capture and save information about Internet users, possibly without their knowledge. Additionally, our service uses a tool, commonly referred to as a “cookie,” to uniquely identify each of our clients’ Internet users. To the extent that additional legislation regarding Internet user privacy is enacted, such as legislation governing the collection and use of information regarding Internet users through the use of cookies, the effectiveness of the LivePerson services could be impaired by restricting us from collecting information which may be valuable to our clients. The foregoing could have a material adverse effect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
In addition to privacy legislation, any new legislation or regulation regarding the Internet, or the application of existing laws and regulations to the Internet, could harm us. Additionally, as we operate outside the U.S., the international regulatory environment relating to the Internet could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Security concerns could hinder commerce on the Internet.
 
User concerns about the security of confidential information online has been a significant barrier to commerce on the Internet and online communications. Any well-publicized compromise of security could deter people from using the Internet or other online services or from using them to conduct transactions that involve the transmission of confidential information. If Internet commerce is inhibited as a result of such security concerns, our business would be harmed.
 
 
  26  

 
 
Other Risks
 
Our executive officers, directors and stockholders who each own greater than 5% of the outstanding common stock will be able to influence matters requiring a stockholder vote.
 
Our executive officers, directors and stockholders who each own greater than 5% of the outstanding common stock and their affiliates, in the aggregate, beneficially own approximately 43.4% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders, if acting together, will be able to significantly influence all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership could also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control.
 
The future sale of shares of our common stock may negatively affect our stock price.
 
If our stockholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock, including shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options and warrants in the public market, or if our stockholders are perceived by the market as intending to sell substantial amounts of our common stock, the market price of our common stock could fall. These sales also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate. The number of shares of common stock subject to the registration statement we filed in January 2004, registering our issuance and sale from time to time of up to 4,000,000 shares of common stock, is much greater than the average weekly trading volume for our shares. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that market sales of these or other shares of our common stock will have on the market price of our common stock.
 
Our stock price has been highly volatile and may experience extreme price and volume fluctuations in the future, which could reduce the value of your investment and subject us to litigation.
 
Fluctuations in market price and volume are particularly common among securities of Internet and other technology companies. The market price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly in the past and may continue to be highly volatile, with extreme price and volume fluctuations, in response to the following factors, some of which are beyond our control:
In the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation. We may in the future be the target of similar litigation, which could result in substantial costs and distract management from other important aspects of operating our business.
 
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Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may make it difficult for a third party to acquire us.
 
Provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, such as our staggered Board of Directors, the manner in which director vacancies may be filled and provisions regarding the calling of stockholder meetings, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so might be beneficial to our stockholders. In addition, provisions of our amended and restated bylaws, such as advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals, and applicable provisions of Delaware law, such as the application of business combination limitations, could impose similar difficulties. Further, provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation relating to directors, stockholder meetings, limitation of director liability, indemnification and amendment of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws may not be amended without the affirmative vote of not less than 66.67% of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (considered for this purpose as a single class) cast at a meeting of our stockholders called for that purpose. Our amended and restated bylaws may not be amended without the affirmative vote of at least 66.67% of our Board of Directors or without the affirmative vote of not less than 66.67% of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (considered for this purpose as a single class) cast at a meeting of our stockholders called for that purpose.
 
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
Currency Rate Fluctuations
 
Through June 30, 2004, our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows have not been materially affected by changes in the relative values of non-U.S. currencies to the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of our wholly-owned Israeli subsidiary, HumanClick Ltd., is the U.S. dollar. We do not use derivative financial instruments to limit our foreign currency risk exposure.
 
Collection Risk
 
Our accounts receivable are subject, in the normal course of business, to collection risks. We regularly assess these risks and have established policies and business practices to protect against the adverse effects of collection risks. We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $15,000 to approximately $79,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2004, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales. During the year ended December 31, 2003, we increased our allowance for doubtful accounts by $15,000, principally due to an increase in accounts receivable as a result of increased sales, and we wrote off approximately $21,000 of previously reserved accounts, leaving a net allowance of $64,000 at December 31, 2003.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
Our investments consist of cash and cash equivalents. Therefore, changes in the market’s interest rates do not affect in any material respect the value of the investments as recorded by us.
 
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of LivePerson’s “disclosure controls and procedures,” as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of June 30, 2004. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by LivePerson in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to LivePerson’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
There were no changes in LivePerson’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2004 identified in connection with the evaluation thereof by our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
 
  28  

 
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
On or about December 2, 2002, MCI WorldCom Communications, Inc. filed a complaint against us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, containing claims for unpaid invoices related to a contract with MCI for voice and data services. The complaint sought to recover approximately $761,000 plus interest. The District Court dismissed the action on our motion on May 29, 2003 because the contract contained a binding arbitration provision. The matter is presently pending for arbitration with JAMS in New York City in which we have denied liability.
 
In June 2003, James Ball d/b/a TalktoDealers.com filed a complaint against us and other unidentified persons in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange, containing claims for breach of contract and unjust enrichment. The complaint sought to recover approximately $1,152,000 per year from the time of LivePerson’s alleged breach in late 2002 or early 2003, plus interest, costs, attorneys’ fees, restitution and specific performance. We have served an answer denying liability.
 
Although we believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend vigorously the matters described above, and believe that we have provided adequate reserves in connection with the claims, we cannot assure you that our defenses will be successful and, if they are not, that our ultimate liability in connection with these claims will not exceed our reserves or have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
 
ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
(a)   Not applicable.
 
(b)   Not applicable.
 
(c)    Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
 
We issued 19,866 shares of Common Stock on April 13, 2004 and 2,332 shares of Common Stock on May 20, 2004 upon the exercise of warrants, in consideration of the termination of the right to purchase an additional 2,634 shares of Common Stock and 668 shares of Common Stock, respectively, pursuant to each warrant’s net exercise provision. The warrants were exercised by employees of Genesis Select Corp., a firm that provides investor relations services to us, after Genesis Select had assigned the warrant that we issued it in December 2002 to certain of its employees. The issuances were made under the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, because the issuances did not involve any public offering.
 
On May 27, 2004, we issued a warrant to purchase up to 75,000 shares of Common Stock at $3.25 per share to Genesis Select Corp. in exchange for investor relations services and for $75. The shares underlying the warrant may not be sold until after December 31, 2004. The warrant expires on May 27, 2009. Genesis Select has the option to pay some or all of the purchase price upon exercise of the warrant by canceling a portion of the warrant. The issuance of the warrant was made under the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, because the issuance did not involve any public offering.
 
(d)   Not applicable.
 
(e)    Not applicable.
 
 
  29  

 
 
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None.
 
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
We held our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 27, 2004.
 
The stockholders elected Emmanuel Gill as Class I director, for a three-year term expiring at the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and upon the election and qualification of his successor.
 
The stockholders approved the amendment and restatement of the LivePerson, Inc. 2000 Stock Incentive Plan.
 
The stockholders ratified the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent public accountants for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004.
 
Shares of Common Stock were voted as follows:
Director Nominee or Proposal

 

For
Against/Withheld
Abstentions
Broker
Non-
Votes

 
 
 
 
 
Emmanuel Gill
   
32,435,979
   
1,110,607
   
   
 
Amendment and Restatement of 2000 Stock Incentive Plan
   
10,414,707
   
9,463,101
   
26,891
   
13,641,887
 
Ratification of Accountants
   
33,498,681
   
45,920
   
1,985
   
 

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
 
None.
 
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
 
(a)   The following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:
 
10.3 Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, effective as of April 22, 2004
 
31.1 Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
31.2 Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
32.1 Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
32.2 Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
(b)   Current Reports on Form 8-K for the quarter ended June 30, 2004:
 
Items 7 and 12 – dated and furnished April 29, 2004, announcing the issuance of a press release with regard to LivePerson’s results of operations and financial condition for the quarter ended March 31, 2004.
 
Item 5 – dated June 10, 2004 and filed June 11, 2004, announcing that the Company’s founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Robert P. LoCascio had advised the Company that he had entered into a written plan for trading shares of LivePerson’s stock designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act and in accordance with LivePerson’s Insider Trading Policy.
 
  30  

 
 
Information in any of our Current Reports on Form 8-K furnished under Item 12, “Results of Operations and Financial Condition,” shall not be deemed to be “filed” for the purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor shall it be incorporated by reference into a filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  31  


SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
     
  LIVEPERSON, INC.
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Date: August 20, 2004 By:   /s/ ROBERT P. LOCASCIO
 
Name: Robert P. LoCascio
  Title: Chief Executive Officer (duly authorized officer)
     
Date: August 20, 2004 By:   /s/ TIMOTHY E. BIXBY
 
Name: Timothy E. Bixby
 
Title: President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (principal financial and accounting officer)
 
  32  

 

EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT
10.3   Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, effective as of April 22, 2004
 
31.1   Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
31.2   Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
32.1   Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
32.2   Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  33  

 
 
                                                                    Exhibit 31.1

         I, ROBERT P. LOCASCIO, certify that:

         1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of LivePerson,
Inc.;

         2. Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
quarterly report;

         3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;

         4. The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

         a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly
during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;

         b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls
and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this
quarterly report (the "Evaluation Date"); and

         c) presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation
as of the Evaluation Date;

         5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed,
based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent function):

         a) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal
controls which could adversely affect the registrant's ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the
registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

         b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal
controls; and

         6. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have indicated in
this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls
subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective
actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

Date:  August 20, 2004          By: /s/ ROBERT P. LOCASCIO
                                    --------------------------------------
                                    Name: Robert P. LoCascio
                                    Title: Chief Executive Officer
                                           (principal executive officer)





                                                                    Exhibit 31.2

         I, TIMOTHY E. BIXBY, certify that:

         1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of LivePerson,
Inc.;

         2. Based on my knowledge, this quarterly report does not contain any
untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
quarterly report;

         3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial
information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this quarterly report;

         4. The registrant's other certifying officers and I are responsible for
establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

         a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that
material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly
during the period in which this quarterly report is being prepared;

         b) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls
and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this
quarterly report (the "Evaluation Date"); and

         c) presented in this quarterly report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation
as of the Evaluation Date;

         5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed,
based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant's auditors and the audit
committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the
equivalent function):

         a) all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal
controls which could adversely affect the registrant's ability to record,
process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the
registrant's auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and

         b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal
controls; and

         6. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have indicated in
this quarterly report whether or not there were significant changes in internal
controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls
subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective
actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.


Date: August 20, 2004      By: /s/ TIMOTHY E. BIXBY
                               ---------------------------------
                               Name: Timothy E. Bixby
                               Title: President, Chief Financial Officer and
                                      Secretary (principal financial officer)




                                                                    Exhibit 32.1

                            CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
                             18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
                             AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
                  SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

      I, Robert P. LoCascio, Chief Executive Officer of LivePerson, Inc. (the
"Company"), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

            (1) the Quarterly Report of the Company on Form 10-Q for the period
      ended June 30, 2004, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
      (the "Report"), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or
      15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


            (2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all
      material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of
      the Company.


Date: August 20, 2004           By: /s/ ROBERT P. LOCASCIO
                                    ------------------------------------------
                                    Name: Robert P. LoCascio
                                    Title: Chief Executive Officer





                                                                    Exhibit 32.2

                            CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
                             18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
                             AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
                  SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

      I, Timothy E. Bixby, Chief Financial Officer of LivePerson, Inc. (the
"Company"), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

            (1) the Quarterly Report of the Company on Form 10-Q for the period
      ended June 30, 2004, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
      (the "Report"), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or
      15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and


            (2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all
      material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of
      the Company.


Date: August 20, 2004           By: /s/ TIMOTHY E. BIXBY
                                    -----------------------------------------
                                    Name: Timothy E. Bixby
                                    Title: President, Chief Financial Officer
                                           and Secretary

                                                                    Exhibit 10.3

                                LIVEPERSON, INC.
                            2000 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
                ----------------------------------------------
                (as Amended and Restated as of April 22, 2004)

                                  Article One

                               GENERAL PROVISIONS


I.    PURPOSE OF THE PLAN

      This 2000 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan") is intended to promote the
interests of LivePerson, Inc., a Delaware corporation, by providing eligible
persons with the opportunity to acquire a proprietary interest, or otherwise
increase their proprietary interest, in the Corporation as an incentive for them
to remain in the service of the Corporation. The Plan is amended and restated as
of April 22, 2004, subject to stockholder approval at the Corporation's 2004
Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

      Capitalized terms shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the
attached

Appendix A.

II.   STRUCTURE OF THE PLAN

      A. The Plan shall be divided into five separate equity incentive programs:

            (i) the Discretionary Option Grant Program under which eligible
persons may, at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be granted options to
purchase shares of Common Stock,

            (ii) the Salary Investment Option Grant Program under which eligible
employees may elect to have a portion of their base salary invested each year in
special options,

            (iii) the Stock Issuance Program under which eligible persons may,
at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be issued shares of Common Stock
directly, either through the immediate purchase of such shares or as a bonus for
services rendered the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary),

            (iv) the Automatic Option Grant Program under which eligible
non-employee Board members shall automatically receive options at periodic
intervals to purchase shares of Common Stock, and

            (v) the Director Fee Option Grant Program under which non-employee
Board members may elect to have all or any portion of their annual retainer fee
otherwise payable in cash applied to a special option grant.



      B. The provisions of Articles One and Seven shall apply to all equity
programs under the Plan and shall govern the interests of all persons under the
Plan.

III.  ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN

      A. Prior to the Section 12 Registration Date, the Discretionary Option
Grant and Stock Issuance Programs shall be administered by the Board unless
otherwise determined by the Board. Beginning with the Section 12 Registration
Date, the following provisions shall govern the administration of the Plan:

            (i) The Board shall have the authority to administer the
Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to Section
16 Insiders but may delegate such authority in whole or in part to the Primary
Committee.

            (ii) Administration of the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs with respect to all other persons eligible to participate in
those programs may, at the Board's discretion, be vested in the Primary
Committee or a Secondary Committee, or the Board may retain the power to
administer those programs with respect to all such persons.

            (iii) The Board (or Primary Committee) shall select the Section 16
Insiders and other highly compensated Employees eligible to participate in the
Salary Investment Option Grant Program. However, all option grants under the
Salary Investment Option Grant Program shall be made in accordance with the
terms of that program and the Primary Committee shall not exercise any
administrative discretion with respect to option grants made under the program.

            (iv) Administration of the Automatic Option Grant and Director Fee
Option Grant Programs shall be self-executing in accordance with the terms of
those programs.

      B. Each Plan Administrator shall, within the scope of its administrative
jurisdiction under the Plan, have full power and authority subject to the
provisions of the Plan:

            (i) to establish such rules as it may deem appropriate for proper
administration of the Plan, to make all factual determinations, to construe and
interpret the provisions of the Plan and the awards thereunder and to resolve
any and all ambiguities thereunder;

            (ii) to determine, with respect to awards made under the
Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs, which eligible persons
are to receive such awards, the time or times when such awards are to be made,
the number of shares to be covered by each such award, the vesting schedule (if
any) applicable to the award, the status of a granted option as either an
Incentive Option or a Non-Statutory Option and the maximum term for which the
option is to remain outstanding;

            (iii) to amend, modify or cancel any outstanding award with the
consent of the holder or accelerate the vesting of such award; and


                                       2


            (iv) to take such other discretionary actions as permitted pursuant
to the terms of the applicable program.

Decisions of each Plan Administrator within the scope of its administrative
functions under the Plan shall be final and binding on all parties.

      C. Members of the Primary Committee or any Secondary Committee shall serve
for such period of time as the Board may determine and may be removed by the
Board at any time. The Board may also at any time terminate the functions of any
Secondary Committee and reassume all powers and authority previously delegated
to such committee.

      D. Service on the Primary Committee or the Secondary Committee shall
constitute service as a Board member, and members of each such committee shall
accordingly be entitled to full indemnification and reimbursement as Board
members for their service on such committee. No member of the Primary Committee
or the Secondary Committee shall be liable for any act or omission made in good
faith with respect to the Plan or any options or stock issuances under the Plan.

IV.   ELIGIBILITY

      A. The persons eligible to participate in the Discretionary Option Grant
and Stock Issuance Programs are as follows:

            (i) Employees,

            (ii) non-employee members of the Board or the board of directors of
any Parent or Subsidiary, and

            (iii) consultants and other independent advisors (whether natural
persons or entities) who provide services to the Corporation (or any Parent or
Subsidiary).

      B. Only Employees who are Section 16 Insiders or other highly compensated
individuals shall be eligible to participate in the Salary Investment Option
Grant Program.

      C. Only non-employee Board members shall be eligible to participate in the
Automatic Option Grant and Director Fee Option Grant Programs.

V.    STOCK SUBJECT TO THE PLAN

      A. The stock issuable under the Plan shall be shares of authorized but
unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the
Corporation on the open market. The number of shares of Common Stock initially
reserved for issuance over the term of the Plan shall be Ten Million
(10,000,000) shares. Such reserve shall consist of (i) the number of shares
estimated to remain available for issuance, as of the Section 12 Registration
Date, under the Predecessor Plan, including the shares subject to the
outstanding options to be incorporated into the Plan and the additional shares
which would otherwise be available for future grant, plus (ii) an increase of
Four Million One Hundred Sixty Five Thousand Three Hundred Fifteen (4,165,315)
shares authorized by the Board subject to stockholder approval prior to the
Section 12 Registration Date.


                                       3


      B. The number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the
Plan shall automatically increase on the first trading day of January each
calendar year during the term of the Plan, beginning with the calendar year
2001, by an amount equal to three percent (3%) of the total number of shares of
Common Stock outstanding on the last trading day in December of the immediately
preceding calendar year, but in no event shall such annual increase exceed One
Million Five Hundred Thousand (1,500,000) shares.

      C. No one person participating in the Plan may receive options, separately
exercisable stock appreciation rights and direct stock issuances for more than
Five Hundred Thousand (500,000) shares of Common Stock in the aggregate per
calendar year.

      D. Shares of Common Stock subject to outstanding options (including
options incorporated into this Plan from the Predecessor Plan) shall be
available for subsequent issuance under the Plan to the extent those options
expire, terminate or are cancelled for any reason prior to exercise in full.
Unvested shares issued under the Plan and subsequently repurchased by the
Corporation, at the original exercise or issue price paid per share, pursuant to
the Corporation's repurchase rights under the Plan shall be added back to the
number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan and shall
accordingly be available for reissuance through one or more subsequent options
or direct stock issuances under the Plan. However, should the exercise price of
an option under the Plan be paid with shares of Common Stock or should shares of
Common Stock otherwise issuable under the Plan be withheld by the Corporation in
satisfaction of the exercise price of an option under the Plan or withholding
taxes incurred in connection with the exercise of an option or the vesting of a
stock issuance under the Plan, then the number of shares of Common Stock
available for issuance under the Plan shall be reduced by the gross number of
shares for which the option is exercised or which vest under the stock issuance,
and not by the net number of shares of Common Stock issued to the holder of such
option or stock issuance. Shares of Common Stock underlying one or more stock
appreciation rights exercised under the Plan shall not be available for
subsequent issuance.

      E. If any change is made to the Common Stock by reason of any stock split,
stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or
other change affecting the outstanding Common Stock as a class without the
Corporation's receipt of consideration, appropriate adjustments shall be made to
(i) the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable under the Plan, (ii)
the number and/or class of securities by which the share reserve is to increase
each calendar year pursuant to the automatic share increase provisions of the
Plan, (iii) the number and/or class of securities for which any one person may
be granted options, separately exercisable stock appreciation rights and direct
stock issuances under the Plan per calendar year, (iv) the number and/or class
of securities for which grants are subsequently to be made under the Automatic
Option Grant Program to new and continuing non-employee Board members, (v) the
number and/or class of securities and the exercise price per share in effect
under each outstanding option under the Plan and (vi) the number and/or class of
securities and price per share in effect under each outstanding option
incorporated into this Plan from the Predecessor Plan. Such adjustments to the
outstanding options are to be effected in a manner which shall preclude the
enlargement or dilution of rights and benefits under such options. The
adjustments determined by the Plan Administrator shall be final, binding and
conclusive.


                                       4


                                  Article Two

                       DISCRETIONARY OPTION GRANT PROGRAM

I.    OPTION TERMS

      Each option shall be evidenced by one or more documents in the form
approved by the Plan Administrator; provided, however, that each such document
shall comply with the terms specified below. Each document evidencing an
Incentive Option shall, in addition, be subject to the provisions of the Plan
applicable to such options.

      A.    Exercise Price.

      1. The exercise price per share shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator
at the time of the option grant and may be less than, equal to or greater than
the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the option grant date.

      2. The exercise price shall become immediately due upon exercise of the
option and shall, subject to the provisions of Section II of Article Seven and
the documents evidencing the option, be payable in one or more of the following
forms:

            (i) in cash or check made payable to the Corporation;

            (ii) shares of Common Stock held for the requisite period necessary
to avoid a charge to the Corporation's earnings for financial reporting purposes
and valued at Fair Market Value on the Exercise Date;

            (iii) to the extent the option is exercised for vested shares,
through a special sale and remittance procedure pursuant to which the Optionee
shall concurrently provide irrevocable instructions to (a) a
Corporation-designated brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of the
purchased shares and remit to the Corporation, out of the sale proceeds
available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the aggregate
exercise price payable for the purchased shares plus all applicable Federal,
state and local income and employment taxes required to be withheld by the
Corporation by reason of such exercise and (b) the Corporation to deliver the
certificates for the purchased shares directly to such brokerage firm in order
to complete the sale; or

            (iv) on such other terms and conditions as may be acceptable to the
Plan Administrator (including, without limitation, the relinquishment of
options). No shares of Common Stock shall be issued until payment therefor, as
provided herein, has been made or provided for.

      Except to the extent such sale and remittance procedure is utilized,
payment of the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the
Exercise Date.

      B. Exercise and Term of Options. Each option shall be exercisable at such
time or times, during such period and for such number of shares as shall be
determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the documents evidencing
the option. However, no option shall have a term in excess of ten (10) years
measured from the option grant date.


                                       5


      C.    Cessation of Service.

      1. The following provisions shall govern the exercise of any options
outstanding at the time of the Optionee's cessation of Service or death:

            (i) Any option outstanding at the time of the Optionee's cessation
of Service for any reason shall remain exercisable for such period of time
thereafter as shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the
documents evidencing the option, but no such option shall be exercisable after
the expiration of the option term.

            (ii) Any option exercisable in whole or in part by the Optionee at
the time of death may be subsequently exercised by his or her Beneficiary.

            (iii) During the applicable post-Service exercise period, the option
may not be exercised in the aggregate for more than the number of vested shares
for which the option is exercisable on the date of the Optionee's cessation of
Service. Upon the expiration of the applicable exercise period or (if earlier)
upon the expiration of the option term, the option shall terminate and cease to
be outstanding for any vested shares for which the option has not been
exercised. However, the option shall, immediately upon the Optionee's cessation
of Service, terminate and cease to be outstanding to the extent the option is
not otherwise at that time exercisable for vested shares.

            (iv) Should the Optionee's Service be terminated for Misconduct or
should the Optionee engage in Misconduct while his or her options are
outstanding, then all such options shall terminate immediately and cease to be
outstanding.

      2. The Plan Administrator shall have complete discretion, exercisable
either at the time an option is granted or at any time while the option remains
outstanding:

            (i) to extend the period of time for which the option is to remain
exercisable following the Optionee's cessation of Service to such period of time
as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate, but in no event beyond the
expiration of the option term, and/or

            (ii) to permit the option to be exercised, during the applicable
post-Service exercise period, for one or more additional installments in which
the Optionee would have vested had the Optionee continued in Service.

      D. Stockholder Rights. The holder of an option shall have no stockholder
rights with respect to the shares subject to the option until such person shall
have exercised the option, paid the exercise price and become a holder of record
of the purchased shares.


                                       6


      E. Repurchase Rights. The Plan Administrator shall have the discretion to
grant options which are exercisable for unvested shares of Common Stock. Should
the Optionee cease Service while holding such unvested shares, the Corporation
shall have the right to repurchase, at the exercise price paid per share, any or
all of those unvested shares. The terms upon which such repurchase right shall
be exercisable (including the period and procedure for exercise and the
appropriate vesting schedule for the purchased shares) shall be established by
the Plan Administrator and set forth in the document evidencing such repurchase
right.

      F. Limited Transferability of Options. During the lifetime of the
Optionee, Incentive Options shall be exercisable only by the Optionee and shall
not be assignable or transferable other than by will or by the laws of
inheritance following the Optionee's death. Non-Statutory Options shall be
subject to the same restrictions, except that a Non-Statutory Option may, to the
extent permitted by the Plan Administrator, be assigned in whole or in part
during the Optionee's lifetime (i) as a gift to one or more members of the
Optionee's immediate family, to a trust in which Optionee and/or one or more
such family members hold more than fifty percent (50%) of the beneficial
interest or to an entity in which more than fifty percent (50%) of the voting
interests are owned by one or more such family members or (ii) pursuant to a
domestic relations order. The terms applicable to the assigned portion shall be
the same as those in effect for the option immediately prior to such assignment
and shall be set forth in such documents issued to the assignee as the Plan
Administrator may deem appropriate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Plan
Administrator may, in its discretion, permit a consultant or independent advisor
entity that is awarded Non-Statutory Options to transfer any or all such
Non-Statutory Options awarded.

      Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionee may also designate one or more
persons as the beneficiary or beneficiaries of his or her outstanding options,
and those options shall, in accordance with such designation, automatically be
transferred to such beneficiary or beneficiaries upon the Optionee's death while
holding those options. Such beneficiary or beneficiaries shall take the
transferred options subject to all the terms and conditions of the applicable
agreement evidencing each such transferred option, including (without
limitation) the limited time period during which the option may be exercised
following the Optionee's death.

      II.   INCENTIVE OPTIONS

      The terms specified below shall be applicable to all Incentive Options.
Except as modified by the provisions of this Section II, all the provisions of
Articles One, Two and Six shall be applicable to Incentive Options. Options
which are specifically designated as Non-Statutory Options when issued under the
Plan shall not be subject to the terms of this Section II.

      A. Eligibility. Incentive Options may only be granted to Employees.

      B. Exercise Price. The exercise price per share shall not be less than one
hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the
option grant date.

      C. Dollar Limitation. The aggregate Fair Market Value of the shares of
Common Stock (determined as of the respective date or dates of grant) for which
one or more options granted to any Employee under the Plan (or any other option
plan of the Corporation or any Parent or Subsidiary) may for the first time
become exercisable as Incentive Options during any one calendar year shall not
exceed the sum of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000). To the extent the
Employee holds two (2) or more such options which become exercisable for the
first time in the same calendar year, the foregoing limitation on the
exercisability of such options as Incentive Options shall be applied on the
basis of the order in which such options are granted.


                                       7


      D. 10% Stockholder. If any Employee to whom an Incentive Option is granted
is a 10% Stockholder, then the exercise price per share shall not be less than
one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common
Stock on the option grant date, and the option term shall not exceed five (5)
years measured from the option grant date.

      III.  CHANGE IN CONTROL/HOSTILE TAKE-OVER

      A. Each option outstanding at the time of a Change in Control but not
otherwise fully-vested shall automatically accelerate so that each such option
shall, immediately prior to the effective date of the Change in Control, become
exercisable for all of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to that
option and may be exercised for any or all of those shares as fully-vested
shares of Common Stock. However, an outstanding option shall not so accelerate
if and to the extent: (i) such option is, in connection with the Change in
Control, assumed or otherwise continued in full force and effect by the
successor corporation (or parent thereof) pursuant to the terms of the Change in
Control, (ii) such option is replaced with a cash incentive program of the
successor corporation which preserves the spread existing at the time of the
Change in Control on the shares of Common Stock for which the option is not
otherwise at that time exercisable and provides for subsequent payout in
accordance with the same vesting schedule applicable to those option shares or
(iii) the acceleration of such option is subject to other limitations imposed by
the Plan Administrator at the time of the option grant. Each option outstanding
at the time of the Change in Control shall terminate as provided in Section
III.C. of this Article Two.

      B. All outstanding repurchase rights shall also terminate automatically,
and the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated rights shall
immediately vest in full, in the event of any Change in Control, except to the
extent: (i) those repurchase rights are assigned to the successor corporation
(or parent thereof) or otherwise continue in full force and effect pursuant to
the terms of the Change in Control or (ii) such accelerated vesting is precluded
by other limitations imposed by the Plan Administrator at the time the
repurchase right is issued.

      C. Immediately following the consummation of the Change in Control, all
outstanding options shall terminate and cease to be outstanding, except to the
extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise
expressly continued in full force and effect pursuant to the terms of the Change
in Control.

      D. Each option which is assumed in connection with a Change in Control
shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Change in Control, to
apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to
the Optionee in consummation of such Change in Control had the option been
exercised immediately prior to such Change in Control. Appropriate adjustments
to reflect such Change in Control shall also be made to (i) the exercise price
payable per share under each outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise
price payable for such securities shall remain the same, (ii) the maximum number
and/or class of securities available for issuance over the remaining term of the
Plan and (iii) the maximum number and/or class of securities for which any one
person may be granted options, separately exercisable stock appreciation rights
and direct stock issuances under the Plan per calendar year. To the extent the
actual holders of the Corporation's outstanding Common Stock receive cash
consideration for their Common Stock in consummation of the Change in Control,
the successor corporation may, in connection with the assumption of the
outstanding options, substitute one or more shares of its own common stock with
a fair market value equivalent to the cash consideration paid per share of
Common Stock in such Change in Control.


                                       8


      E. The Plan Administrator may at any time provide that one or more options
will automatically accelerate in connection with a Change in Control, whether or
not those options are assumed or otherwise continued in full force and effect
pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control. Any such option shall
accordingly become exercisable, immediately prior to the effective date of such
Change in Control, for all of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to
that option and may be exercised for any or all of those shares as fully-vested
shares of Common Stock. In addition, the Plan Administrator may at any time
provide that one or more of the Corporation's repurchase rights shall not be
assignable in connection with such Change in Control and shall terminate upon
the consummation of such Change in Control.

      F. The Plan Administrator may at any time provide that one or more options
will automatically accelerate upon an Involuntary Termination of the Optionee's
Service within a designated period (not to exceed eighteen (18) months)
following the effective date of any Change in Control in which those options do
not otherwise accelerate. Any options so accelerated shall remain exercisable
for fully-vested shares until the earlier of (i) the expiration of the option
term or (ii) the expiration of the one (1) year period measured from the
effective date of the Involuntary Termination. In addition, the Plan
Administrator may at any time provide that one or more of the Corporation's
repurchase rights shall immediately terminate upon such Involuntary Termination.

      G. The Plan Administrator may at any time provide that one or more options
will automatically accelerate in connection with a Hostile Take-Over. Any such
option shall become exercisable, immediately prior to the effective date of such
Hostile Take-Over, for all of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to
that option and may be exercised for any or all of those shares as fully-vested
shares of Common Stock. In addition, the Plan Administrator may at any time
provide that one or more of the Corporation's repurchase rights shall terminate
automatically upon the consummation of such Hostile Take-Over. Alternatively,
the Plan Administrator may condition such automatic acceleration and termination
upon an Involuntary Termination of the Optionee's Service within a designated
period (not to exceed eighteen (18) months) following the effective date of such
Hostile Take-Over. Each option so accelerated shall remain exercisable for
fully-vested shares until the expiration or sooner termination of the option
term.

      H. The portion of any Incentive Option accelerated in connection with a
Change in Control or Hostile Take Over shall remain exercisable as an Incentive
Option only to the extent the applicable One Hundred Thousand Dollar ($100,000)
limitation is not exceeded. To the extent such dollar limitation is exceeded,
the accelerated portion of such option shall be exercisable as a Non-Statutory
Option under the Federal tax laws.


                                       9


      IV.   STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHTS

      The Plan Administrator may, subject to such conditions as it may
determine, grant to selected Optionees stock appreciation rights which will
allow the holders of those rights to elect between the exercise of the
underlying option for shares of Common Stock and the surrender of that option in
exchange for a distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the
excess of (a) the Option Surrender Value of the number of shares for which the
option is surrendered over (b) the aggregate exercise price payable for such
shares. The distribution may be made in shares of Common Stock valued at Fair
Market Value on the option surrender date, in cash, or partly in shares and
partly in cash, as the Plan Administrator shall in its sole discretion deem
appropriate.


                                       10


                                 Article Three

                     SALARY INVESTMENT OPTION GRANT PROGRAM

      I.    OPTION GRANTS

      The Primary Committee may implement the Salary Investment Option Grant
Program for one or more calendar years beginning after the Underwriting Date and
select the Section 16 Insiders and other highly compensated Employees eligible
to participate in the Salary Investment Option Grant Program for each such
calendar year. Each selected individual who elects to participate in the Salary
Investment Option Grant Program must, prior to the start of each calendar year
of participation, file with the Plan Administrator (or its designate) an
irrevocable authorization directing the Corporation to reduce his or her base
salary for that calendar year by an amount not less than Five Thousand Dollars
($5,000) nor more than Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000). Each individual who
files such a timely election shall be granted an option under the Salary
Investment Grant Program on the first trading day in January for the calendar
year for which the salary reduction is to be in effect.

      II.   OPTION TERMS

      Each option shall be a Non-Statutory Option evidenced by one or more
documents in the form approved by the Plan Administrator; provided, however,
that each such document shall comply with the terms specified below.

      A. Exercise Price.

            1. The exercise price per share shall be thirty-three and one-third
percent (33-1/3%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the
option grant date.

            2. The exercise price shall become immediately due upon exercise of
the option and shall be payable in one or more of the alternative forms
authorized under the Discretionary Option Grant Program. Except to the extent
the sale and remittance procedure specified thereunder is utilized, payment of
the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the Exercise Date.

      B. Number of Option Shares. The number of shares of Common Stock subject
to the option shall be determined pursuant to the following formula (rounded
down to the nearest whole number):

                          X = A / (B x 66-2/3%), where

                        X is the number of option shares,

                  A is the dollar amount of the approved reduction in the
Optionee's base salary for the calendar year, and

                  B is the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the
option grant date.


                                       11


      C. Exercise and Term of Options. The option shall become exercisable in a
series of twelve (12) successive equal monthly installments upon the Optionee's
completion of each calendar month of Service in the calendar year for which the
salary reduction is in effect. Each option shall have a maximum term of ten (10)
years measured from the option grant date.

      D. Cessation of Service. Each option outstanding at the time of the
Optionee's cessation of Service shall remain exercisable, for any or all of the
shares for which the option is exercisable at the time of such cessation of
Service, until the earlier of (i) the expiration of the option term or (ii) the
expiration of the three (3)-year period following the Optionee's cessation of
Service. To the extent the option is held by the Optionee at the time of his or
her death, the option may be exercised by his or her Beneficiary. However, the
option shall, immediately upon the Optionee's cessation of Service, terminate
and cease to remain outstanding with respect to any and all shares of Common
Stock for which the option is not otherwise at that time exercisable.

III.  CHANGE IN CONTROL/HOSTILE TAKE-OVER

      A. In the event of any Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over while the
Optionee remains in Service, each outstanding option shall automatically
accelerate so that each such option shall, immediately prior to the effective
date of the Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over, become fully exercisable
with respect to the total number of shares of Common Stock at the time subject
to such option and may be exercised for any or all of those shares as
fully-vested shares of Common Stock. Each such option accelerated in connection
with a Change in Control shall terminate upon the Change in Control, except to
the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise
continued in full force and effect pursuant to the terms of the Change in
Control. Each such option accelerated in connection with a Hostile Take-Over
shall remain exercisable until the expiration or sooner termination of the
option term.

      B. Each option which is assumed in connection with a Change in Control
shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to the number and class of securities
which would have been issuable to the Optionee in consummation of such Change in
Control had the option been exercised immediately prior to such Change in
Control. Appropriate adjustments shall also be made to the exercise price
payable per share under each outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise
price payable for such securities shall remain the same. To the extent the
actual holders of the Corporation's outstanding Common Stock receive cash
consideration for their Common Stock in consummation of the Change in Control,
the successor corporation may, in connection with the assumption of the
outstanding options, substitute one or more shares of its own common stock with
a fair market value equivalent to the cash consideration paid per share of
Common Stock in such Change in Control.

      C. Upon the occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over, the Optionee shall have a
thirty (30)-day period in which to surrender to the Corporation each of his or
her outstanding options. The Optionee shall in return be entitled to a cash
distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the
Option Surrender Value of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to each
surrendered option (whether or not the Optionee is otherwise at the time vested
in those shares) over (ii) the aggregate exercise price payable for such shares.
Such cash distribution shall be paid within five (5) days following the
surrender of the option to the Corporation.


                                       12


IV.   REMAINING TERMS

      The remaining terms of each option granted under the Salary Investment
Option Grant Program shall be the same as the terms in effect for options made
under the Discretionary Option Grant Program.


                                       13


                                  Article Four

                             STOCK ISSUANCE PROGRAM

I.    STOCK ISSUANCE TERMS

      Shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program
through direct and immediate stock issuances without any intervening options.
Shares of Common Stock may also be issued under the Stock Issuance Program
pursuant to stock issuances which entitle the recipients to receive those shares
upon the attainment of designated performance objectives or Service
requirements. Each such stock issuance shall be evidenced by one or more
documents which comply with the terms specified below.

      A. Purchase Price.

            1. The purchase price per share of Common Stock subject to direct
issuance shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator and may be less than, equal to
or greater than the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the issue
date.

            2. Subject to the provisions of Section II of Article Seven, shares
of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program for any of the
following items of consideration which the Plan Administrator may deem
appropriate in each individual instance:

                  (i) cash or check made payable to the Corporation, or

                  (ii) past services rendered to the Corporation (or any Parent
or Subsidiary).

      B. Vesting/Issuance Provisions.

            1. The Plan Administrator may issue shares of Common Stock which are
fully and immediately vested upon issuance or which are to vest in one or more
installments over the Participant's period of Service or upon attainment of
specified performance objectives (including the Performance Goals specified in
Appendix B hereto) or such other factors as the Plan Administrator may
determine, in its sole discretion, including to comply with the requirements of
Section 162(m) of the Code. Alternatively, the Plan Administrator may issue
stock issuances which shall entitle the recipient to receive a specified number
of vested shares of Common Stock upon the attainment of one or more Performance
Goals or Service requirements established by the Plan Administrator.

            2. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the stock issuance is intended
to comply with the "performance based" compensation exception under Section
162(m) of the Code and if the lapse of restrictions on such stock issuance is
based on the attainment of Performance Goals, the Plan Administrator shall
establish the objective Performance Goals or grant conditions relating to the
applicable vesting percentage of the Common Stock applicable to each Participant
or class of Participants in writing prior to the beginning of the applicable
fiscal year or at such later date as otherwise determined by the Plan
Administrator and while the outcome of the Performance Goals are substantially
uncertain. Such Performance Goals may incorporate provisions for disregarding
(or adjusting for) changes in accounting methods, corporate transactions
(including, without limitation, dispositions and acquisitions) and other similar
type events or circumstances. The Performance Goals are set forth in Appendix B
hereto.


                                       14


            3. A Participant selected to receive a stock issuance shall not have
any rights with respect to such issuance, unless and until such Participant has
delivered a fully executed copy of the award agreement evidencing the stock
issuance to the Corporation and has otherwise complied with the applicable terms
and conditions of such issuance.

            4. Any new, substituted or additional securities or other property
(including money paid other than as a regular cash dividend) which the
Participant may have the right to receive with respect to his or her unvested
shares of Common Stock by reason of any stock dividend, stock split,
recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or other change
affecting the outstanding Common Stock as a class without the Corporation's
receipt of consideration shall be issued subject to (i) the same vesting
requirements applicable to the Participant's unvested shares of Common Stock and
(ii) such escrow arrangements as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate.

            5. The Participant shall have full stockholder rights with respect
to the issued shares of Common Stock, whether or not the Participant's interest
in those shares is vested. Accordingly, the Participant shall have the right to
vote such shares and to receive any regular cash dividends paid on such shares,
but shall have no right to transfer such shares until vested. Unless otherwise
determined by the Plan Administrator, the Participant shall not be permitted to
transfer shares of Common Stock awarded under this Plan during a period set by
the Plan Administrator commencing with the date of such award, as set forth in
the applicable award agreement.

            6. Should the Participant cease to remain in Service while holding
one or more unvested shares of Common Stock, or should the performance
objectives not be attained with respect to one or more such unvested shares of
Common Stock, then those shares shall be immediately surrendered to the
Corporation for cancellation, and the Participant shall have no further
stockholder rights with respect to those shares. To the extent the surrendered
shares were previously issued to the Participant for consideration paid in cash
or cash equivalent (including the Participant's purchase-money indebtedness),
the Corporation shall repay to the Participant the cash consideration paid for
the surrendered shares and shall cancel the unpaid principal balance of any
outstanding purchase-money note of the Participant attributable to the
surrendered shares.

            7. The Plan Administrator may waive the surrender and cancellation
of one or more unvested shares of Common Stock (or other assets attributable
thereto) which would otherwise occur upon the cessation of the Participant's
Service or the non-attainment of the performance objectives applicable to those
shares. Such waiver shall result in the immediate vesting of the Participant's
interest in the shares of Common Stock as to which the waiver applies. Such
waiver may be effected at any time, whether before or after the Participant's
cessation of Service or the attainment or non-attainment of the applicable
performance objectives.


                                       15


            8. Outstanding stock issuances shall automatically terminate, and no
shares of Common Stock shall actually be issued in satisfaction of those
issuances, if the performance objectives or Service requirements established for
such issuances are not attained. The Plan Administrator, however, shall have the
authority to issue shares of Common Stock in satisfaction of one or more
outstanding stock issuances as to which the designated performance objectives or
Service requirements are not attained.

II.   CHANGE IN CONTROL/HOSTILE TAKE-OVER

      A. All of the Corporation's outstanding repurchase rights shall terminate
automatically, and all the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated
rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any Change in Control,
except to the extent (i) those repurchase rights are assigned to the successor
corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continue in full force and effect
pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control or (ii) such accelerated vesting
is precluded by other limitations imposed by the Plan Administrator at the time
the repurchase right is issued.

      B. The Plan Administrator may at any time provide for the automatic
termination of one or more of those outstanding repurchase rights and the
immediate vesting of the shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated
rights upon (i) a Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over or (ii) an Involuntary
Termination of the Participant's Service within a designated period (not to
exceed eighteen (18) months) following the effective date of any Change in
Control or Hostile Take-Over in which those repurchase rights are assigned to
the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continue in full
force and effect.

III.  SHARE ESCROW/LEGENDS

      Unvested shares may, in the Plan Administrator's discretion, be held in
escrow by the Corporation until the Participant's interest in such shares vests
or may be issued directly to the Participant with restrictive legends on the
certificates evidencing those unvested shares.


                                       16


                                  Article Five

                         AUTOMATIC OPTION GRANT PROGRAM

I.    OPTION TERMS

      A. Grant Dates. Options shall be made on the dates specified below:

            1. Each individual who is first elected or appointed as a
non-employee Board member at any time after the Underwriting Date shall
automatically be granted, on the date of such initial election or appointment, a
Non-Statutory Option to purchase Fifteen Thousand (15,000) shares of Common
Stock, provided that individual has not previously been in the employ of the
Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).

            2. On the date of each Annual Stockholders Meeting beginning with
the 2001 Annual Stockholder Meeting, each individual who is to continue to serve
as a non-employee Board member shall automatically be granted a Non-Statutory
Option to purchase Five Thousand (5,000) shares of Common Stock, provided that
individual has served as a non-employee Board member for at least six (6)
months.

      B.    Exercise Price.

            1. The exercise price per share shall be equal to one hundred
percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the option
grant date.

            2. The exercise price shall be payable in one or more of the
alternative forms authorized under the Discretionary Option Grant Program.
Except to the extent the sale and remittance procedure specified thereunder is
utilized, payment of the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on
the Exercise Date.

      C. Option Term. Each option shall have a term of ten (10) years measured
from the option grant date. -----------

      D. Exercise and Vesting of Options. Each option shall be immediately
exercisable for any or all of the option shares. However, any unvested shares
purchased under the option shall be subject to repurchase by the Corporation, at
the exercise price paid per share, upon the Optionee's cessation of Board
service prior to vesting in those shares. Each initial 15,000-share option shall
vest, and the Corporation's repurchase right shall lapse, in a series of three
(3) successive equal annual installments over the Optionee's period of continued
service as a Board member, with the first such installment to vest upon the
Optionee's completion of one (1) year of Board service measured from the option
grant date. Each annual 5,000-share option shall vest, and the Corporation's
repurchase right shall lapse, upon the Optionee's completion of one (1) year of
Board service measured from the option grant date.


                                       17


      E. Cessation of Board Service. The following provisions shall govern the
exercise of any options outstanding at the time of the Optionee's cessation of
Board service:

            (i) Any option outstanding at the time of the Optionee's cessation
of Board service for any reason shall remain exercisable for a twelve (12)-month
period following the date of such cessation of Board service, but in no event
shall such option be exercisable after the expiration of the option term.

            (ii) Any option exercisable in whole or in part by the Optionee at
the time of death may be subsequently exercised by his or her Beneficiary.

            (iii) Following the Optionee's cessation of Board service, the
option may not be exercised in the aggregate for more than the number of shares
for which the option was exercisable on the date of such cessation of Board
service. Upon the expiration of the applicable exercise period or (if earlier)
upon the expiration of the option term, the option shall terminate and cease to
be outstanding for any vested shares for which the option has not been
exercised. However, the option shall, immediately upon the Optionee's cessation
of Board service, terminate and cease to be outstanding for any and all shares
for which the option is not otherwise at that time exercisable.

            (iv) However, should the Optionee cease to serve as a Board member
by reason of death or Permanent Disability, then all shares at the time subject
to the option shall immediately vest so that such option may, during the twelve
(12)-month exercise period following such cessation of Board service, be
exercised for all or any portion of those shares as fully-vested shares of
Common Stock.

II.   CHANGE IN CONTROL/HOSTILE TAKE-OVER

      A. In the event of any Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over, the shares
of Common Stock at the time subject to each outstanding option but not otherwise
vested shall automatically vest in full so that each such option may,
immediately prior to the effective date of such Change in Control or Hostile
Take-Over, became fully exercisable for all of the shares of Common Stock at the
time subject to such option and maybe exercised for all or any of those shares
as fully-vested shares of Common Stock. Each such option accelerated in
connection with a Change in Control shall terminate upon the Change in Control,
except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or
otherwise continued in full force and effect pursuant to the terms of the Change
in Control. Each such option accelerated in connection with a Hostile Take-Over
shall remain exercisable until the expiration or sooner termination of the
option term.

      B. All outstanding repurchase rights shall automatically terminate and the
shares of Common Stock subject to those terminated rights shall immediately vest
in full, in the event of any Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over.

      C. Upon the occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over, the Optionee shall have a
thirty (30)-day period in which to surrender to the Corporation each of his or
her outstanding options. The Optionee shall in return be entitled to a cash
distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the
Option Surrender Value of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to each
surrendered option (whether or not the option is otherwise at the time
exercisable for those shares) over (ii) the aggregate exercise price payable for
such shares. Such cash distribution shall be paid within five (5) days following
the surrender of the option to the Corporation.


                                       18


      D. Each option which is assumed in connection with a Change in Control
shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to the number and class of securities
which would have been issuable to the Optionee in consummation of such Change in
Control had the option been exercised immediately prior to such Change in
Control. Appropriate adjustments shall also be made to the exercise price
payable per share under each outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise
price payable for such securities shall remain the same. To the extent the
actual holders of the Corporation's outstanding Common Stock receive cash
consideration for their Common Stock in consummation of the Change in Control,
the successor corporation may, in connection with the assumption of the
outstanding options, substitute one or more shares of its own common stock with
a fair market value equivalent to the cash consideration paid per share of
Common Stock in such Change in Control.

III.  REMAINING TERMS

      The remaining terms of each option granted under the Automatic Option
Grant Program shall be the same as the terms in effect for options made under
the Discretionary Option Grant Program.


                                       19


                                  Article Six

                        DIRECTOR FEE OPTION GRANT PROGRAM

I.    OPTION GRANTS

      The Board may implement the Director Fee Option Grant Program as of the
first day of any calendar year beginning after the Underwriting Date. Upon such
implementation of the Program, each non-employee Board member may elect to apply
all or any portion of the annual retainer fee otherwise payable in cash for his
or her service on the Board to the acquisition of a special option grant under
this Director Fee Option Grant Program. Such election must be filed with the
Corporation's Chief Financial Officer prior to the first day of the calendar
year for which the election is to be in effect. Each non-employee Board member
who files such a timely election with respect to the annul retainer fee shall
automatically be granted an option under this Director Fee Option Grant Program
on the first trading day in January in the calendar year for which that fee
would otherwise be payable.

II.   OPTION TERMS

      Each option shall be a Non-Statutory Option governed by the terms and
conditions specified below.

      A. Exercise Price.

            1. The exercise price per share shall be thirty-three and one-third
percent (33-1/3%) of the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the
option grant date.

            2. The exercise price shall become immediately due upon exercise of
the option and shall be payable in one or more of the alternative forms
authorized under the Discretionary Option Grant Program. Except to the extent
the sale and remittance procedure specified thereunder is utilized, payment of
the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the Exercise Date.

      B. Number of Option Shares. The number of shares of Common Stock subject
to the option shall be determined pursuant to the following formula (rounded
down to the nearest whole number):

                          X = A / (B x 66-2/3%), where

                        X is the number of option shares,

                  A is the portion of the annual retainer fee subject to the
non-employee Board member's election, and

                  B is the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the
option grant date.


                                       20


      C. Exercise and Term of Options. The option shall become exercisable in a
series of twelve (12) successive equal monthly installments upon the Optionee's
completion of each month of Board service during the calendar year in which the
option is granted. Each option shall have a maximum term of ten (10) years
measured from the option grant date.

      D. Cessation of Board Service. Should the Optionee cease Board service for
any reason (other than death or Permanent Disability) while holding one or more
options, then each such option shall remain exercisable, for any or all of the
shares for which the option is exercisable at the time of such cessation of
Board service, until the earlier of (i) the expiration of the ten (10)-year
option term or (ii) the expiration of the three (3)-year period measured from
the date of such cessation of Board service. However, each option held by the
Optionee at the time of such cessation of Board service shall immediately
terminate and cease to remain outstanding with respect to any and all shares of
Common Stock for which the option is not otherwise at that time exercisable.

      E. Death or Permanent Disability. Should the Optionee's service as a Board
member cease by reason of death or Permanent Disability, then each option held
by such Optionee shall immediately become exercisable for all the shares of
Common Stock at the time subject to that option, and the option may be exercised
for any or all of those shares as fully-vested shares until the earlier of (i)
the expiration of the ten (10)-year option term or (ii) the expiration of the
three (3)-year period measured from the date of such cessation of Board service.

      Should the Optionee die after cessation of Board service but while holding
one or more options, then each such option may be exercised, for any or all of
the shares for which the option is exercisable at the time of the Optionee's
cessation of Board service (less any shares subsequently purchased by Optionee
prior to death), by the Optionee's Beneficiary. Such right of exercise shall
lapse, and the option shall terminate, upon the earlier of (i) the expiration of
the ten (10)-year option term or (ii) the three (3)-year period measured from
the date of the Optionee's cessation of Board service.

III.  CHANGE IN CONTROL/HOSTILE TAKE-OVER

      A. In the event of any Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over while the
Optionee remains in Board service, each outstanding option held by such Optionee
shall automatically accelerate so that each such option shall, immediately prior
to the effective date of the Change in Control or Hostile Take-Over, become
fully exercisable with respect to the total number of shares of Common Stock at
the time subject to such option and may be exercised for any or all of those
shares as fully-vested shares of Common Stock. Each such option accelerated in
connection with a Change in Control shall terminate upon the Change in Control,
except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or
otherwise expressly continued in full force and effect pursuant to the terms of
the Change in Control. Each such option accelerated in connection with a Hostile
Take-Over shall remain exercisable until the expiration or sooner termination of
the option term.

      B. Upon the occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over, the Optionee shall have a
thirty (30)-day period in which to surrender to the Corporation each of his or
her outstanding options. The Optionee shall in return be entitled to a cash
distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the
Option Surrender Value of the shares of Common Stock at the time subject to each
surrendered option (whether or not the Optionee is otherwise at the time vested
in those shares) over (ii) the aggregate exercise price payable for such shares.
Such cash distribution shall be paid within five (5) days following the
surrender of the option to the Corporation.


                                       21


      C. Each option which is assumed in connection with a Change in Control
shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Change in Control, to
apply to the number and class of securities which would have been issuable to
the Optionee in consummation of such Change in Control had the option been
exercised immediately prior to such Change in Control. Appropriate adjustments
shall also be made to the exercise price payable per share under each
outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise price payable for such
securities shall remain the same. To the extent the actual holders of the
Corporation's outstanding Common Stock receive cash consideration for their
Common Stock in consummation of the Change in Control, the successor corporation
may, in connection with the assumption of the outstanding options under the
Director Fee Option Grant Program, substitute one or more shares of its own
common stock with a fair market value equivalent to the cash consideration paid
per share of Common Stock in such Change in Control.

IV.   REMAINING TERMS

      The remaining terms of each option granted under this Director Fee Option
Grant Program shall be the same as the terms in effect for options made under
the Discretionary Option Grant Program.


                                       22


                                 Article Seven

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

I.    NO IMPAIRMENT OF AUTHORITY

      Outstanding awards shall in no way affect the right of the Corporation to
adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change its capital or business
structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate or sell or transfer all
or any part of its business or assets.

II.   FINANCING

      The Plan Administrator may permit any Optionee or Participant to pay the
option exercise price under the Discretionary Option Grant Program or the
purchase price of shares issued under the Stock Issuance Program by delivering a
full-recourse, interest bearing promissory note payable in one or more
installments. The terms of any such promissory note (including the interest rate
and the terms of repayment) shall be established by the Plan Administrator in
its sole discretion. In no event may the maximum credit available to the
Optionee or Participant exceed the sum of (i) the aggregate option exercise
price or purchase price payable for the purchased shares (less the par value of
such shares) plus (ii) any Federal, state and local income and employment tax
liability incurred by the Optionee or the Participant in connection with the
option exercise or share purchase. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Optionee or
Participant may utilize this Section in violation of the prohibition on personal
loans to or for executive officers or directors contained in Section 402 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

III.  TAX WITHHOLDING

      A. The Corporation's obligation to deliver shares of Common Stock upon the
exercise of options or the issuance or vesting of such shares under the Plan
shall be subject to the satisfaction of all applicable Federal, state and local
income and employment tax withholding requirements.

      B. The Plan Administrator may, in its discretion, provide any or all
holders of Non-Statutory Options or unvested shares of Common Stock under the
Plan with the right to use shares of Common Stock in satisfaction of all or part
of the Withholding Taxes incurred by such holders in connection with the
exercise of their options or the vesting of their shares. Such right may be
provided to any such holder in either or both of the following formats:

            Stock Withholding: The election to have the Corporation withhold,
from the shares of Common  Stock otherwise issuable upon the
exercise of such Non-Statutory Option or the vesting of such shares, a portion
of those shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the percentage of
the Withholding Taxes (not to exceed one hundred percent (100%)) designated by
the holder.

            Stock Delivery: The election to deliver to the Corporation, at the
time the Non-Statutory Option is exercised or the shares vest, one or more
shares of Common Stock previously acquired by such holder (other than in
connection with the option exercise or share vesting triggering the Withholding
Taxes) with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the percentage of the Taxes
(not to exceed one hundred percent (100%)) designated by the holder.


                                       23


IV.   EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERM OF THE PLAN

      A. The Plan shall become effective immediately upon the Plan Effective
Date. However, the Salary Investment Option Grant and Director Fee Option Grant
Programs shall not be implemented until such time as the Primary Committee or
the Board may deem appropriate. Options may be granted under the Discretionary
Option Grant Program at any time on or after the Plan Effective Date. However,
no options granted under the Plan may be exercised, and no shares shall be
issued under the Plan, until the Plan is approved by the Corporation's
stockholders. If such stockholder approval is not obtained within twelve (12)
months after the Plan Effective Date, then all options previously granted under
this Plan shall terminate and cease to be outstanding, and no further options
shall be granted and no shares shall be issued under the Plan.

      B. The Plan shall serve as the successor to the Predecessor Plan, and no
further options or direct stock issuances shall be made under the Predecessor
Plan after the Section 12 Registration Date. All options outstanding under the
Predecessor Plan on the Section 12 Registration Date shall be incorporated into
the Plan at that time and shall be treated as outstanding options under the
Plan. However, each outstanding option so incorporated shall continue to be
governed solely by the terms of the documents evidencing such option, and no
provision of the Plan shall be deemed to affect or otherwise modify the rights
or obligations of the holders of such incorporated options with respect to their
acquisition of shares of Common Stock.

      C. One or more provisions of the Plan, including (without limitation) the
option/vesting acceleration provisions of Article Two relating to Changes in
Control, may, in the Plan Administrator's discretion, be extended to one or more
options incorporated from the Predecessor Plan which do not otherwise contain
such provisions.

      D. The Plan shall terminate upon the earliest of (i) March 20, 2010, (ii)
the date on which all shares available for issuance under the Plan shall have
been issued as fully-vested shares or (iii) the termination of all outstanding
options in connection with a Change in Control. Upon such plan termination, all
outstanding options and unvested stock issuances shall thereafter continue to
have force and effect in accordance with the provisions of the documents
evidencing such grants or issuances.

V.    AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN

      A. The Board shall have complete and exclusive power and authority to
amend or modify the Plan in any or all respects. However, no such amendment or
modification shall adversely affect the rights and obligations with respect to
stock options or unvested stock issuances at the time outstanding under the Plan
unless the Optionee or the Participant consents to such amendment or
modification. In addition, certain amendments may require stockholder approval
pursuant to applicable laws or regulations.


                                       24


      B. Options to purchase shares of Common Stock may be granted under the
Discretionary Option Grant and Salary Investment Option Grant Programs and
shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program that are
in each instance in excess of the number of shares then available for issuance
under the Plan, provided any excess shares actually issued under those programs
shall be held in escrow until there is obtained stockholder approval of an
amendment sufficiently increasing the number of shares of Common Stock available
for issuance under the Plan. If such stockholder approval is not obtained within
twelve (12) months after the date the first such excess issuances are made, then
(i) any unexercised options granted on the basis of such excess shares shall
terminate and cease to be outstanding and (ii) the Corporation shall promptly
refund to the Optionees and the Participants the exercise or purchase price paid
for any excess shares issued under the Plan and held in escrow, together with
interest (at the applicable Short Term Federal Rate) for the period the shares
were held in escrow, and such shares shall thereupon be automatically cancelled
and cease to be outstanding.

VI.   USE OF PROCEEDS

      Any cash proceeds received by the Corporation from the sale of shares of
Common Stock under the Plan shall be used for general corporate purposes.

VII.  REGULATORY APPROVALS

      A. The implementation of the Plan, the granting of any stock option under
the Plan and the issuance of any shares of Common Stock (i) upon the exercise of
any granted option or (ii) under the Stock Issuance Program shall be subject to
the Corporation's procurement of all approvals and permits required by
regulatory authorities having jurisdiction over the Plan, the stock options
granted under it and the shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to it.

      B. No shares of Common Stock or other assets shall be issued or delivered
under the Plan unless and until there shall have been compliance with all
applicable requirements of Federal and state securities laws and all applicable
listing requirements of any stock exchange (or the Nasdaq Stock Market, if
applicable) on which Common Stock is then listed for trading, and shall be
further subject to the approval of counsel for the Corporation with respect to
such compliance.

VIII. NO EMPLOYMENT/SERVICE RIGHTS

      Nothing in the Plan shall confer upon the Optionee or the Participant any
right to continue in Service for any period of specific duration or interfere
with or otherwise restrict in any way the rights of the Corporation (or any
Parent or Subsidiary employing or retaining such person) or of the Optionee or
the Participant, which rights are hereby expressly reserved by each, to
terminate such person's Service at any time for any reason, with or without
cause.


                                       25


                                   APPENDIX A


      The following definitions shall be in effect under the Plan:

      A. Automatic Option Grant Program shall mean the automatic option grant
program in effect under the Plan.

      B. Beneficiary shall mean, in the event the Plan Administrator implements
a beneficiary designation procedure, the person designated by an Optionee or
Participant, pursuant to such procedure, to succeed to such person's rights
under any outstanding awards held by him or her at the time of death. In the
absence of such designation or procedure, the Beneficiary shall be the personal
representative of the estate of the Optionee or Participant or the person or
persons to whom the award is transferred by will or the laws of inheritance.

      C. Board shall mean the Corporation's Board of Directors.

      D. Change in Control shall mean a change in ownership or control of the
Corporation effected through any of the following transactions:

            (i) a merger, consolidation or reorganization approved by the
Corporation's stockholders, unless securities representing more than fifty
percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the voting securities of the
successor corporation are immediately thereafter beneficially owned, directly or
indirectly and in substantially the same proportion, by the persons who
beneficially owned the Corporation's outstanding voting securities immediately
prior to such transaction,

            (ii) any stockholder-approved transfer or other disposition of all
or substantially all of the Corporation's assets, or

            (iii) the acquisition, directly or indirectly by any person or
related group of persons (other than the Corporation or a person that directly
or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the
Corporation), of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the
1934 Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total
combined voting power of the Corporation's outstanding securities pursuant to a
tender or exchange offer made directly to the Corporation's stockholders which
the Board recommends such stockholders accept.

      E. Code shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

      F. Common Stock shall mean the Corporation's common stock.

      G. Corporation shall mean LivePerson, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and
any corporate successor to all or substantially all of the assets or voting
stock of LivePerson, Inc. which shall by appropriate action adopt the Plan.


                                      A-1


      H. Director Fee Option Grant Program shall mean the director fee option
grant program in effect under the Plan.

      I. Discretionary Option Grant Program shall mean the discretionary option
grant program in effect under the Plan.

      J. Employee shall mean an individual who is in the employ of the
Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary), subject to the control and direction
of the employer entity as to both the work to be performed and the manner and
method of performance.

      K. Exercise Date shall mean the date on which the Corporation shall have
received written notice of the option exercise.

      L. Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on any relevant date shall
be determined in accordance with the following provisions:

            (i) If the Common Stock is at the time traded on the Nasdaq Stock
Market, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price per share
of Common Stock on the date in question, as such price is reported on the Nasdaq
Stock Market or any successor system and in The Wall Street Journal. If there is
no closing selling price for the Common Stock on the date in question, then the
Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price on the last preceding date
for which such quotation exists.

            (ii) If the Common Stock is at the time listed on any Stock
Exchange, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price per
share of Common Stock on the date in question on the Stock Exchange determined
by the Plan Administrator to be the primary market for the Common Stock, as such
price is officially quoted in the composite tape of transactions on such
exchange and reported in The Wall Street Journal. If there is no closing selling
price for the Common Stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value
shall be the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such
quotation exists.

            (iii) For purposes of any option grants made on the Underwriting
Date, the Fair Market Value shall be deemed to be equal to the price per share
at which the Common Stock is to be sold in the initial public offering pursuant
to the Underwriting Agreement.

            (iv) For purposes of any options made prior to the Underwriting
Date, the Fair Market Value shall be determined by the Plan Administrator, after
taking into account such factors as it deems appropriate.

      M. Hostile Take-Over shall mean:

            (i) the acquisition, directly or indirectly, by any person or
related group of persons (other than the Corporation or a person that directly
or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the
Corporation) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 of the
1934 Act) of securities possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total
combined voting power of the Corporation's outstanding securities pursuant to a
tender or exchange offer made directly to the Corporation's stockholders which
the Board does not recommend such stockholders to accept, or


                                      A-2


            (ii) a change in the composition of the Board over a period of
thirty-six (36) consecutive months or less such that a majority of the Board
members ceases, by reason of one or more contested elections for Board
membership, to be comprised of individuals who either (A) have been Board
members continuously since the beginning of such period or (B) have been elected
or nominated for election as Board members during such period by at least a
majority of the Board members described in clause (A) who were still in office
at the time the Board approved such election or nomination.

      N. Incentive Option shall mean an option which satisfies the requirements
of Code Section 422.

      O. Involuntary Termination shall mean the termination of the Service of
any individual which occurs by reason of:

            (i) such individual's involuntary dismissal or discharge by the
Corporation for reasons other than Misconduct, or

            (ii) such individual's voluntary resignation following (A) a change
in his or her position with the Corporation or Parent or Subsidiary employing
the individual which materially reduces his or her duties and responsibilities
or the level of management to which he or she reports, (B) a reduction in his or
her level of compensation (including base salary, fringe benefits and target
bonus under any corporate-performance based bonus or incentive programs) by more
than fifteen percent (15%) or (C) a relocation of such individual's place of
employment by more than fifty (50) miles, provided and only if such change,
reduction or relocation is effected by the Corporation without the individual's
consent.

      P. Misconduct shall mean the commission of any act of fraud, embezzlement
or dishonesty by the Optionee or Participant, any unauthorized use or disclosure
by such person of confidential information or trade secrets of the Corporation
(or any Parent or Subsidiary), or any intentional wrongdoing by such person,
whether by omission or commission, which adversely affects the business or
affairs of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) in a material manner.
This shall not limit the grounds for the dismissal or discharge of any person in
the Service of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).

      Q. 1934 Act shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

      R. Non-Statutory Option shall mean an option not intended to satisfy the
requirements of Code Section 422.

      S. Option Surrender Value shall mean the Fair Market Value per share of
Common Stock on the date the option is surrendered to the Corporation or, in the
event of a Hostile Take-Over, effected through a tender offer, the highest
reported price per share of Common Stock paid by the tender offeror in effecting
such Hostile Take-Over, if greater. However, if the surrendered option is an
Incentive Option, the Option Surrender Value shall not exceed the Fair Market
Value per share.


                                      A-3


      T. Optionee shall mean any person to whom an option is granted under the
Discretionary Option Grant, Salary Investment Option Grant, Automatic Option
Grant or Director Fee Option Grant Program.

      U. Parent shall mean any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an
unbroken chain of corporations ending with the Corporation, provided each
corporation in the unbroken chain (other than the Corporation) owns, at the time
of the determination, stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the total
combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations
in such chain.

      V. Participant shall mean any person who is issued shares of Common Stock
under the Stock Issuance Program.

      W. Performance Goals, as defined in Article Four and Appendix B, shall
mean specified performance objectives as determined by the Plan Administrator.

      X. Permanent Disability or Permanently Disabled shall mean the inability
of the Optionee or the Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity
by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment expected
to result in death or to be of continuous duration of twelve (12) months or
more. However, solely for purposes of the Automatic Option Grant and Director
Fee Option Grant Programs, Permanent Disability or Permanently Disabled shall
mean the inability of the non-employee Board member to perform his or her usual
duties as a Board member by reason of any medically determinable physical or
mental impairment expected to result in death or to be of continuous duration of
twelve (12) months or more.

      Y. Plan shall mean the Corporation's 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as set
forth in this document.

      Z. Plan Administrator shall mean the particular entity, whether the
Primary Committee, the Board or the Secondary Committee, which is authorized to
administer the Discretionary Option Grant, Salary Investment Option Grant and
Stock Issuance Programs with respect to one or more classes of eligible persons,
to the extent such entity is carrying out its administrative functions under
those programs with respect to the persons under its jurisdiction. However, the
Primary Committee shall have the plenary authority to make all factual
determinations and to construe and interpret any and all ambiguities under the
Plan to the extent such authority is not otherwise expressly delegated to any
other Plan Administrator.

      AA. Plan Effective Date shall mean March 21, 2000, the date on which the
Plan was adopted by the Board.


                                      A-4


      BB. Predecessor Plan shall mean the Corporation's pre-existing Stock
Option and Restricted Stock Purchase Plan in effect immediately prior to the
Plan Effective Date hereunder.

      CC. Primary Committee shall mean the committee of two (2) or more
non-employee Board members appointed by the Board (each of whom is intended to
be a "Non-Employee Director" (within the meaning of Rule 16b-3), an "independent
director" (within the meaning of NASD Rule 4200(a)(15) or such other applicable
stock exchange rule) and an "outside director" (within the meaning of Code
Section 162(m)) to administer the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock Issuance
Programs with respect to Section 16 Insiders and to administer the Salary
Investment Option Grant Program with respect to all eligible individuals.

      DD. Rule 16b-3 shall mean Rule 16b-3 of the 1934 Act or any successor to
Rule 16b-3, as in effect when discretion is being exercised with respect to the
Plan.

      EE. Salary Investment Option Grant Program shall mean the salary
investment grant program in effect under the Plan.

      FF. Secondary Committee shall mean a committee of one (1) or more Board
members appointed by the Board to administer the Discretionary Option Grant and
Stock Issuance Programs with respect to eligible persons other than Section 16
Insiders.

      GG. Section 12 Registration Date shall mean the date on which the Common
Stock is first registered under Section 12(g) of the 1934 Act.

      HH. Section 16 Insider shall mean an officer or director of the
Corporation subject to the short-swing profit liabilities of Section 16 of the
1934 Act.

      II. Service shall mean the performance of services for the Corporation (or
any Parent or Subsidiary) by a person in the capacity of an Employee, a
non-employee member of the board of directors or a consultant or independent
advisor (whether a natural person or entity), except to the extent otherwise
specifically provided in the documents evidencing the option grant or stock
issuance.

      JJ. Stock Exchange shall mean either the American Stock Exchange or the
New York Stock Exchange.

      KK. Stock Issuance Program shall mean the stock issuance program in effect
under the Plan.

      LL. Subsidiary shall mean any corporation (other than the Corporation) in
an unbroken chain of corporations beginning with the Corporation, provided each
corporation (other than the last corporation) in the unbroken chain owns, at the
time of the determination, stock possessing fifty percent (50%) or more of the
total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other
corporations in such chain.


                                      A-5


      MM. 10% Stockholder shall mean the owner of stock (as determined under
Code Section 424(d)) possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total
combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Corporation (or any Parent
or Subsidiary).

      NN. Underwriting Agreement shall mean the agreement between the
Corporation and the underwriter or underwriters managing the initial public
offering of the Common Stock. OO. Underwriting Date shall mean the date on which
the Underwriting Agreement is executed and priced in connection with an initial
public offering of the Common Stock.

      PP. Withholding Taxes shall mean the Federal, state and local income and
employment withholding tax liabilities to which the holder of Non-Statutory
Options or unvested shares of Common Stock may become subject in connection with
the exercise of those options or the vesting of those shares.


                                      A-6


                                   APPENDIX B

                                Performance Goals

      Performance goals established for purposes of the grant and/or vesting of
Common Stock intended to be "performance-based" under Section 162(m) of the Code
shall be based on one or more of the following performance goals ("Performance
Goals"): (i) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified increase
in, enterprise value or value creation targets of the Corporation (or any
subsidiary, division or other operational unit of the Corporation); (ii) the
attainment of certain target levels of, or a percentage increase in after-tax or
pre-tax profits of the Corporation, including without limitation that
attributable to continuing and/or other operations of the Corporation (or in
either case a subsidiary, division, or other operational unit of the
Corporation); (iii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified
increase in, operational cash flow of the Corporation (or a subsidiary,
division, or other operational unit of the Corporation); (iv) the attainment of
a certain level of reduction of, or other specified objectives with regard to
limiting the level of increase in all or a portion of, the Corporation's bank
debt or other long-term or short-term public or private debt or other similar
financial obligations of the Corporation, which may be calculated net of cash
balances and/or other offsets and adjustments as may be established by the Plan
Administrator; (v) the attainment of a specified percentage increase in earnings
per share or earnings per share from continuing operations of the Corporation
(or a subsidiary, division or other operational unit of the Corporation); (vi)
the attainment of certain target levels of, or a specified percentage increase
in, net sales, revenues, net income or earnings before income tax or other
exclusions of the Corporation (or a subsidiary, division, or other operational
unit of the Corporation); (vii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a
specified increase in, return on capital employed or return on invested capital
of the Corporation (or any subsidiary, division or other operational unit of the
Corporation); (viii) the attainment of certain target levels of, or a percentage
increase in, after-tax or pre-tax return on stockholder equity of the
Corporation (or any subsidiary, division or other operational unit of the
Corporation); (ix) the attainment of certain target levels in the fair market
value of the shares of the Corporation's Common Stock; or (x) the growth in the
value of an investment in the Corporation's Common Stock assuming the
reinvestment of dividends.

      In addition, such Performance Goals may be based upon the attainment of
specified levels of Corporation (or subsidiary, division or other operational
unit of the Corporation) performance under one or more of the measures described
above relative to the performance of other corporations. To the extent permitted
under Section 162(m) of the Code, but only to the extent permitted under Section
162(m) of the Code (including, without limitation, compliance with any
requirements for stockholder approval), the Plan Administrator may: (i)
designate additional business criteria on which the Performance Goals may be
based, or (ii) adjust, modify or amend the aforementioned business criteria.

                                      B-1